We propose a novel Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithm to synthesize policies for a Markov Decision Process (MDP), such that a linear time property is satisfied. We convert the property into a Limit Deterministic Büchi Automaton (LDBA), then construct a product MDP between the automaton and the original MDP. A reward function is then assigned to the states of the product automaton, according ...

This paper develops a model-checking algorithm for a fragment of the modal mu-calculus and shows how it may be applied to the eecient computation of behavioral relations between processes. The algorithm's complexity is proportional to the product of the size of the process and the size of the formula, and thus improves on the best existing algorithm for such a xed point logic. The method for co...

The paper presents two studies that investigated how individuals reason from disjunctive statements that use numerical estimations. In the experiments two types of such statements were used. In the first type both constituents of a disjunction could be a logically correct answer. That is, if “The average life time of a fruit fly is either 9 or 27 days”, any of those numbers is logically possibl...

the present research aims to analyze the orthographic errors of german-speaking learners of persian at the elementary level. to do so, pieces of writing of 34 students were gathered via self-motivated method and examined based on the corpus of orthographic errors, using the frameworks proposed by keshavarz (1994) and ziahoseini (1999). 850 phonological, morphological, and orthographical errors ...