Background Related to escalating health care costs and the questionable effectiveness of multiple interventions including lumbar facet joint interventions, cost effectiveness or cost utility analysis has become the cornerstone of evidence-based medicine influencing coverage decisions. Methods Cost utility of therapeutic lumbar facet joint nerve blocks in managing chronic low back pain was per...

background a high proportion of patients suffering from end stage liver disease are from low socioeconomic classes , which limits their access to liver transplantation as the most effctive treatment of this condition because of cost barrier. objectives one of the most challenging aspects of liver transplantation is its affordability and utilization by those who need it the most. patients and me...

In this paper, we are examining the relationship between stock trading costs and commitment components and find both abnormal and normal commitments associated with these costs are associated. Moreover, stock trading costs have a greater influence by both abnormal and normal negative commitments more than positive commitments. Further analysis has shown that in general, investors are unable to ...

abstract: background: today one of the main problems low or middle income families face is financing healthcare costs. this article studies the methods of of financing health care costs among hospitalized diabetic patients in different types of insurances. materials & methods: this is a causal-comparative study. the variables consist of comparative (health care costs) and categorical(different ...

Purpose This study aims to explore the loyalty intent of prepaid (contract-free) customers in a market where disloyalty is prevalent and has low switching costs. Design/methodology/approach A quota, non-probability sampling technique was applied, resulting completion 220 self-administered questionnaires that were used for data analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis structural equation model app...

Abstract Benefit-cost analyses of regulations address Kaldor-Hicks efficiency but rarely investigate the distribution benefits and costs as experienced by low-income households. In order to fill this gap, article assembles available evidence determine how automobile industry may impact well-being Americans. The scope investigation includes air pollution, safety fuel-economy regulations. We find...