Biofouling remains a key challenge for membrane-based water treatment systems. This study investigated the dispersal potential of the nitric oxide (NO) donor compound, PROLI NONOate, on single- and mixed-species biofilms formed by bacteria isolated from industrial membrane bioreactor and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. The potential of PROLI NONOate to control RO membrane biofouling was also ex...

Background & Aims of the Study:  Recently membranes have been widely used in Mena region especially Iran,  due to purify the brackish water and solved the water scarcity  .Qom province is located in desert like area of Iran and faced to water shortage .The aim of this study is evaluation of the best method of membrane process in the ground water wells of Qom province, Iran, in 2016. Materials ...

Reverse osmosis (RO) is a compact process that has potential for the removal of ionic and organic pollutants for recycling space mission wastewater. Seven candidate RO membranes were compared using a batch stirred cell to determine the membrane flux and the solute rejection for synthetic space mission wastewaters. Even though the urea molecule is larger than ions such as Na+, Cl-, and NH4+, the...

A pilot system was designed and constructed to evaluate reverse osmosis (RO) energy reduction that can be achieved using pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO). The RO-PRO experimental system is the first known system to utilize energy from a volume of water transferred from atmospheric pressure to elevated pressure across a semipermeable membrane to prepressurize RO feedwater. In other words, the sys...

Whey is the major by-product of cheese industry which contains valuable organic materials. Further processes are needed before these materials can be used in food industry. Membrane filtration a convenient alternative to traditional processes. Low energy consumption, reduced processing costs and enhanced quality products main benefits membrane filtration. Due advantages techniques have affected...

In recent years, capital and operating costs of seawater desalination plants have decreased remarkably. However, production of potable water from seawater by reverse osmosis membrane desalination remains 2 to 3 times the cost of desalting brackish water, reclaiming wastewater, or importing fresh water even over long distances. In addition, rejection of boron by seawater RO membranes is generall...

This study aims to develop an Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System technique (ANFIS) and using the parameters of a complex mathematical model in the RO membrane performances. The ANFIS was constructed by using a subtractive clustering method to generate initial fuzzy inference systems. The model trained by 70% of the data set and then its validity is examined by remained 30% data set. ...

Batch reverse osmosis (BRO) systems may enable a significant reduction in energy consumption for desalination and water reuse. BRO systems operate with variable pressure, by applying only slightly more pressure than is needed to overcome the osmotic pressure and produce reverse water flux. This study explains, quantifies, and optimizes the energy-saving performance of realistic batch designs im...

oily wastewaters from oil refineries and oil distribution centers are one of the most important environmental concerns in recent decades; therefore, it is critical to treat these types of wastewaters. in this study, the performance of different polyethersulfone hollow fiber membranes in oily wastewaters treatment was investigated and the effects of operating conditions such as transmembrane pre...

A new class of surface-structured RO membranes was developed with a hydrophilic brush layer of terminally anchored polymer chains resulting in fouling resistant membranes of low mineral scaling propensity and high permeability. The approach is based on free-radical graft polymerization of a suitable monomer, onto the active polyamide (PA) layer of a thin film composite (PA-TFC) membrane, post-s...