INTRODUCTION Adolescence is an important period of nutritional vulnerability due to the increased dietary requirements. OBJECTIVE To describe the nutritional status of adolescent cyclist and a group of normoactive controls. METHODS The HELENA Dietary Assessment Tool was used to evaluate the nutritional intake of 20 adolescent cyclists and 17 controls. Total energy intake, resting energy exp...

In order to better understand the factors that may influence and regulate the intake of the macronutrients carbohydrate, fat and protein a 7 d diet diary technique was employed to study eating behaviour in the natural environment of free-living human subjects. In general, factors that promote energy intake tend to promote fat and protein intake to a greater extent than carbohydrate intake. This...

The higher incidence of colon cancer in African Americans compared with other US racial/ethnic groups is largely unexplained. This report describes associations of total energy and macronutrients with colon cancer risk in African Americans and Whites from a case-control study in North Carolina between 1996 and 2000. Incident cases of histologically confirmed colon cancer, aged 40-80 years (n = ...

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive age women. The prevalence of PCOS among Iranian women is 14.6% based on the Rotterdam definition. PCOS can increase the risk of chronic metabolic complications. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the most important of them. Insulin resistance is fundamental in PCOS and MetS pathophysiology. MetS ...

The present review summarises the effects of different carbohydrate and fat structures on food intake and appetite and the differences in response at various levels of processing of macronutrients. Several physico-chemical properties of carbohydrate and fat molecules appear to influence the short-term satiating properties. However, long-term substantiation of these findings expressed in terms o...

BACKGROUND There seems to be a consensus that family influences on dietary habits are important but few studies have addressed this issue directly. The purpose of this study was to determine if and how dietary intake aggregates within families. METHODS We examined the family aggregation of energy intake and the proportion of protein, fat and carbohydrate in the diet, estimated by a 3-day food...

OBJECTIVE To determine the nutrient intakes and status of preschool children from a representative population sample in Adelaide. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Cross-sectional survey of children aged 1-5 years, using a stratified random sampling method and a doorknocking strategy, between September 2005 and July 2007. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Dietary intake, assessed using a 3-day weighed-f...

................................................................................................................. ii Dedication............................................................................................................. iii Acknowledgements............................................................................................... iv Chapter 1: Introduction ....................