Madder (Rubina tinctorum L.) is mainly cultivated in central part of I.R. of Iran that is an arid and desert area with scarce and saline water resources. Its root is used as herbal medicine and food additives and its shoot (top) is used as forage crop. However, little is known about its salinity tolerance and soil water limits for growth. The objectives of the present study were to investigate ...

this study was conducted to evaluate consumption inputs, production costs, nutrient composition and performance in production of alfalfa hay and alfalfa silage. therefore, data on alfalfa hay production were collected from 75 farms in zanjan province, using a face to face questionnaire in the year 2012. a systematic random sampling method was used. then, two farms managed by silage harvesting s...

A demonstration was conducted to examine the stored forage yield and stored forage quality of two different hay forage management systems. The forage management systems were a hay harvest only system or a complimentary hayround bale silage harvest system. The hay system harvested bermudagrass forage as hay during the summer when weather conditions allowed, the complimentary system harvested ber...

Yield monitoring is one of the most important operations for efficient management of agricultural fields. One of the common methods used to monitor hay yield variability is to monitor the hay mass flow rate inside the baler chamber during hay baling process.Therefore, this study on a 10 ha field was conducted to investigate the performance of a hay mass flow monitoring system mounted on a large...

Hay preservatives such as acids, bacterial inoculants, enzymes and other compounds, allow for hay to be baled at higher moisture levels (18-25%), thus decreasing field drying times. Baling at higher moisture means that there will be reduced in-field dry matter (DM) and leaf loss. While preservatives do not add anything in terms of nutritive value, they prevent heating and mold development if ha...

The abundant growth of molds and thermophilic actinomycetes in stored hay decreases its quality and can be hazardous for the producer who inhales these contaminants when the moldy hay is fed in closed barns. These microbes are responsible for a respiratory disease called farmer's lung. Products, including bacterial cultures that can be inoculated in hay, are available to prevent hay deteriorati...

To date, it is still not possible to obtain exhaustive information about organic materials in cultural heritage without sampling. Nonetheless, when studying unique objects with invaluable artistic or historical significance, preserving their integrity a priority. In particular, dye identification of significant interest for history and conservation research, but hindered by analytes’ low concen...

Madder (Rubia tinctorum L.) has been exploited as a dye throughout history. The roots of the plant are very rich in the highly coloured glycosidic compounds ruberythric acid and lucidin primeveroside, alongside the corresponding aglycons which can be readily formed by deglycosylation, particularly during extraction. Supported by (1)H and (13)C NMR data, the conclusive X-ray crystal structure of...

Although allergic diseases such as asthma and hay fever are a major cause of morbidity in industrialized countries, most studies have focused on patterns of prevalence among children and adolescents, with relatively few studies on variations in prevalence by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic position among adults. Our study examined racial/ethnic and socioeconomic patterns in the prevalence of a...