Although the ability to elaborate calcium carbonate biominerals was apparently gained independently during animal evolution, members of the alpha carbonic anhydrases (α-CAs) family, which catalyze the interconversion of CO2 into HCO3-, are involved in the biomineralization process across metazoans. In the Mediterranean red coral Corallium rubrum, inhibition studies suggest an essential role of ...

Bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), collectively called bigheaded carps, are invasive species in the Mississippi River Basin (MRB). Interspecific hybridization between bigheaded carps has been considered rare within their native rivers in China; however, it is prevalent in the MRB. We conducted de novo transcriptome analysis of pure and hybri...

The studies aimed at monitoring development of phagocytic and bactericidal activity in carps in the course of their ontogenetic development. The studies were performed using the techniques described by Mantur et al. (1986a, b), adapted to fish. Results were expressed in thrombocyte phagocytic index (Ipt), percentage of phagocyting thrombocytes (%tp), percentage of ingested bacteria (%bp) and in...

Objectives: To describe trends in the use of coronary artery revascularisation procedures (CARPs) and to determine whether or when CARP rates will stabilise. Setting: State of Western Australia. Patients: All patients treated by coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between 1980 and 2001. Design: Descriptive study. Main outcome measures: Age standard...

Lipases (E.C. 3.1.1.3) can be broadly defined as enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds in substrates such as vitamin esters, phospholipids, triglycerides (TGs) and cholesteryl esters [1]. Interest in lipases has been increasing in the past few years because of the actual and potential uses of this enzyme in applications like hydrolysis of fats and oils, organic synthesis, modifica...