BACKGROUND Infection with Staphylococcus aureus was initially considered a major problem in hospitals, but over the last few decades the incidence of community-acquired infection has also increased. Paper currency has recently been identified as another mode of spread by which community-acquired S. aureus infection may be transmitted, since paper currency is frequently transferred from one pers...

Despite major structural shifts in the international monetary system over past six decades, US dollar remains dominant reserve currency. Using a newly compiled database of individual economies’ holdings by currency, this paper finds that financial links have been an increasingly important driver currency configurations since global crisis, particularly for emerging market and developing economi...

In this paper, several experiments on F0 transformation within the voice conversion framework are presented. The conversion system is based on a probabilistic transformation of line spectral frequencies and residual prediction. Three probabilistic methods of instantaneous F0 transformation are described and compared. Moreover, a new modification of inter-speaker residual prediction is proposed ...

In globally distributed supply chains, the classical logistics decisions of facilities location, sourcing and distribution are greatly influenced by political and economic factors. The fierce competition, fluctuations in currency values, intellectual property considerations and international trade agreements, tariffs and laws and government’s tax incentives all have a major impact on decisions ...

The digital currency Bitcoin has had remarkable growth since it was first proposed in 2008. Its distributed nature allows currency transactions without a central authority by using cryptographic methods and a data structure called the blockchain. In this paper we use the no-cloning theorem of quantum mechanics to introduce Quantum Bitcoin, a Bitcoinlike currency that runs on a quantum computer....

Currency depreciation dampens corporate investment through a financial channel. Using firm-level data for 16 major economies, we find that reduces by interacting with firm leverage. The finding is consistent predictions from stylized model of credit risk in which the exchange rate affects supply and when firms borrow foreign currency, or local currency lenders. Empirically, channel significantl...

In this study, we assess the dynamic evolution of short-term correlation, long-term cointegration and Error Correction Model (hereafter referred to as ECM)-based long-term Granger causality between each pair of US, UK, and Eurozone stock markets from 1980 to 2015 using the rolling-window technique. A comparative analysis of pairwise dynamic integration and causality of stock markets, measured i...

Gravity-based cross-sectional evidence indicates that currency unions stimulate trade as much or more than do free trade areas. Thus currencies are a source of the home-country bias in trade. This paper extends such findings to estimate the ultimate benefits of currency unions, via trade, in terms of income per capita. We use a large data set of economic and geographic variables for over 200 co...

We analyze the exchange rate forecasting performance under assumption of selective attention. Although currency markets react to a variety different information, we hypothesize that market participants process only limited amount information. Our analysis includes more than 100,000 news articles relevant six most-traded foreign pairs for period 1979-2016. employ dynamic model averaging approach...