Abstract This article looks at the history of jesters affiliated with Iranian court during Safavid and Zand periods. I present several case studies ( dalqak ), featuring Kal ʿEnāyat Dalāleh Qezī from period Lūṭī Ṣāleḥ period. From various primary resources including memoirs, European travelogues, court-associated chronicles, relate accounts associated these personalities describe their unique r...

The Safavid society’s approach to sexuality and gender has made it a reference for the “pre-modern” discourse, in which manifest—in contemporary terminology—queerness fluidity. While is important not romanticize image of Orient as queer heaven, possible consider society an site inquiry that offers valuable insights on pre-colonial sexuality. A less discussed topic literature gendered sexual sla...

handmade carpets have been used from ancient times for floor covering. most of the researchers around the world have a common idea about the roots and origins of carpet making which belong to persia. although rugs and carpets were introduced to the world such as floor covering but since it was expensive, it had been used such as a hanging picture or cloth tables especially for american people. ...

evliya chelebi (1611-1682), was an ethnically ottoman explorer who travelled through the territory of the ottoman empire and neighboring lands over a period of forty years, recording his commentary in a travelogue called the seyahatname. during his lifetime, evliya chelebi made three journeys to safavid iran: the first in 1646 to azerbaijan and caucasus, the second in 1647 which was a very shor...

the historical background of the dastgāh concept, and the process through which it replaced the maqām system, still remains a major question in the history of persian music. it is usually vaguely assumed that both concepts of the dastgāh and the radīf were introduced to persian music during the qajar era. the present paper is a first attempt to shed light on the issue through a historical music...

abstract there is interchange of cultures and different kinds of ethnos music in the world between different cultures as acculturation. the economical, trade and political interchange, war and immigration has played a prominent role on acculturation; and obviously most of the time dominant culture has more influence on the other culture. one of the acculturation in the field of music devoted to...