Although hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation was originally conceived more than 50 years ago as a treatment for injury from irradiation and, later, for cancer, associated problems needed to be solved before the procedure could be used clinically. Bone marrow, the source of hematopoietic stem cells, is not a solid organ but is rather diffuse and not directly accessible. Furthermore, hematolo...

In the present era of targeted therapy, monoclonal antibodies (mAb) are result of the idea of a “magic bullet” which was first proposed by Paul Ehrlich, who, at the beginning of the 20th century, postulated that, if a compound could be made that selectively targeted a disease-causing organism, then a toxin for that organism could be delivered along with the agent of selectivity. Monoclonal anti...

Adult T cell leukemia virus (HTLV or ATLV) proviral DNA integrated in the cellular DNA was examined by a modified Southern blotting method in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells and/or lymph node cells from 61 patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL) and other hematologic diseases. Serum antibodies against ATL-associated antigens (ATLA) were also examined. The presence of human T cell leuke...

Many congenital and acquired bone marrow disorders have been described in dogs. Major categories include infectious diseases, immune-mediated bone marrow destruction, toxic marrow injury, congenital and acquired myelodysplastic syndromes, acute and chronic myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative disorders, primary polycythemia, primary and secondary myelofibrosis, malignant histiocytosis, he...

Despite being well visualized by different cross-sectional imaging techniques, the spleen is many times overlooked during the abdominal examination. The major reason is the low frequency of splenic abnormalities, the majority consisting of incidental findings. There has been a steady increase in the number of performed abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies; therefore, it is importa...