The production routing problem (PRP) considers the coordination of production, inventory, distribution, and routing decisions in a supply chain. In this work, we focus on production routing in the industrial gas business, where the challenge lies in the simultaneous optimization of complex and power-intensive production plants and highly integrated supply chains with vendor-managed inventory (V...

in today's globalization, an effective integration of production and distribution plans into a unified framework is crucial for attaining competitive advantage. this paper addresses an integrated multi-product and multi-time period production/distribution planning problem for a two-echelon supply chain subject to the real-world variables and constraints. it is assumed that all transportations a...

in this study, we considered an inflationary inventory control model under non-deterministic conditions. we assumed the inflation rate as a normal distribution, with any arbitrary probability density function (pdf). the objective function was to minimize the total discount cost of the inventory system. we used two methods to solve this problem. one was the classic numerical approach which turne...

Demand prediction plays a key role in supply chain management of fresh agricultural products enterprises and its algorithm research is a hotspot for the researchers related. A new algorithm for demand prediction of supply chain management of fresh agricultural products is advanced based on BP neural network and immune genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm. First, the deficiencies of tra...

Devising manufacturing/distribution strategies for supply chains and determining their parameter values have been challenging problems. Linking production management to stock keeping processes improves the planning of the supply chain activities, including material management, culminating in improved customer service levels. In this study, we investigate a multi-echelon supply chain consisting ...

this study considers a two echelon supply chain system consisting of one manufacturer and one retailer. under vendor managed inventory (vmi) program, the manufacturer is authorized to manage inventories of agreed upon stock keeping units at retail's locations. in this paper, we assume that the manufacturer monitors inventory levels at retailer's location, replenishes her stock under (...

the study determined optimum inventory levels for various bakery resources using the bread supply chain network in onitsha city. structured questionnaires were administered among bakery factories. the optimum design achieved through the optimization model was compared with the existing systems. analysis of 90 bakeries with a combined capacity of 3960 revealed that total money n 564,408,477.28 i...

  This paper aims to evaluate inventory cost of a Two-echelon serial supply chain system under vendor managed inventory program with stochastic demand, and examine the effect of environmental factors on the cost of overall system. For this purpose, we consider a two-echelon serial supply chain with a manufacturer and a retailer. Under Vendor managed inventory program, the decision on inventory ...

reliability investigation has always been one of the most important issues in power systems planning. the outages rate in power system reflects the fact that more attentions should be paid on reliability indices to supply consumers with uninterrupted power. using reliability indices in economic dispatch problem may lead to the system load demand with high reliability and low probability of powe...

This section is devoted to the Economic Production Quantity (EPQ) model, its specialization to the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model and its extension to allow backorders. The next section deals with multiple products. The primary driver to hold inventories is the presence of a fixed production/ordering cost that is incurred every time a positive number of units are produced/ordered. We wish ...