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Background: Manta rays (Mobulidae), Mobula birostris and Mobula alfredi, are widely distributed in tropical and temperate waters. Still, little is known about their movements and their ecological interactions (e.g. behavior and diet). In Peru, M. birostris has only been reported along the northern shore within the Tropical East Pacific Marine Province. No official reports exist from central or ...

Pesticides usage in agricultural fields to control pests is extremely toxic to non target organisms like fish and affect fish health through impairment of metabolism, sometimes leading to mortality. Present study is a review of potential adverse effects of pesticides and pollutants in fish. Furthermore, the data generated could be useful in the environmental risk assessment of freshwater and ma...

The East/Japan Sea (hereafter, the East Sea) is highly dynamic in its physical phenomena and biological characteristics, but it has changed substantially over the last several decades. In this study, a recent decadal trend of primary productivity in the East Sea was analyzed based on Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-derived monthly values to detect any long-term change. The...

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There is considerable evidence that environmental variability plays a major role in controlling abundance and distribution of marine populations and that fisheries alter ecosystem functioning and state. This overview documents emergent ecosystem-level ecological patterns and answers meaningful questions regarding the exploitation of marine resources. Do marine ecosystems function differently fr...

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RUBAO JI 1,6*, MARTIN EDWARDS 2, DAVID L. MACKAS 3, JEFFREY A. RUNGE 4 AND ANDREW C. THOMAS 5 1 DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION, WOODS HOLE, MA 02543, USA, SIR ALISTER HARDY FOUNDATION FOR OCEAN SCIENCE, THE LABORATORY, CITADEL HILL, PLYMOUTH PL1 2PB, UK, INSTITUTE OF OCEAN SCIENCES, FISHERIES AND OCEANS CANADA, SIDNEY, BC, CANADA, 4 SCHOOL OF MARINE SCIENCES, UNIVER...

Scientists have documented the general decline in the health of marine ecosystems. The human impacts on marine ecosystems are forcing resource agencies and scientists to rethink how society manages ocean and coastal systems. Since the 1960s, the scientific and intellectual basis of an ecosystem-based approach to manage and restore landscapes has been developing with state and federal resource a...