7.02.3 ORGANIC MATTER DECOMPOSITION IN SEDIMENTS 40 7.02.3.1 Electron Acceptors for Sedimentary Organic Matter Oxidation 43 7.02.3.2 The Stoichiometry of Oxic Sedimentary Organic Matter Decomposition 45 7.02.3.3 The Depth Distribution of Organic Matter Oxidation in the Sediment Column 48 7.02.3.4 The Response Time for Organic Matter Oxidation 51 7.02.3.5 The Burial of Organic Matter in Marine S...

Phylogenetic analyses of archaeal 16S rRNA genes (rDNA) from DNA extracted from continental shelf sediments revealed the presence of two major lineages, belonging to the kingdoms Crenarchaeota and Euryarchacota, respectively. Our analyses indicate that the benthic Archaea belong to a new group, divergent from the marine low-temperature planktonic Archaea. This is the first report showing the ex...

Citation: Yang X, Peng X, Qiang X, Li N, Zhou Q and Wang Y (2016) Chemical Weathering Intensity and Terrigenous Flux in South China during the Last 90,000 Years—Evidence from Magnetic Signals in Marine Sediments. Front. Earth Sci. 4:47. doi: 10.3389/feart.2016.00047 Chemical Weathering Intensity and Terrigenous Flux in South China during the Last 90,000 Years—Evidence from Magnetic Signals in M...

Molecular ecological studies have revealed that deep-sea sediments contained more than 1300 different actinobacterial operational taxonomic units, most of which were predicted to represent novel species, genera and families (Stach and Bull, 2005). It is not surprising, therefore, that members of 50 genera, including 12 novel genera, of actinobacteria have been isolated from marine habitats (Goo...

Sediment toxicity tests are valuable tools for assessing the potential effects of contaminated sediments in dredged material evaluations because they inherently address complexity (e.g., unknown contaminants, mixtures, bioavailability). Although there is a need to understand the chronic and sublethal impacts of contaminants, it is common to conduct only short-term lethality tests in evaluations...

Marine sediments of coastal margins are important sites of carbon sequestration and nitrogen cycling. To determine the metabolic potential and structure of marine sediment microbial communities, two cores were collected each from the two stations (GMT at a depth of 200 m and GMS at 800 m) in the Gulf of Mexico, and six subsamples representing different depths were analyzed from each of these tw...

Major advances in our understanding of marine bacterial diversity have been gained through studies of bacterioplankton, the vast majority of which appear to be gram negative. Less effort has been devoted to studies of bacteria inhabiting marine sediments, yet there is evidence to suggest that gram-positive bacteria comprise a relatively large proportion of these communities. To further expand o...

Viruses are abundant in all known ecosystems. In the present study, we tested the possibility that viruses from one biome can successfully propagate in another. Viral concentrates were prepared from different near-shore marine sites, lake water, marine sediments, and soil. The concentrates were added to microcosms containing dissolved organic matter as a food source (after filtration to allow 1...

The Branched and Isoprenoid Tetraether (BIT) index (a ratio of marine and terrestrial glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether [GDGT] membrane lipids) was recently introduced as a proxy for the fraction of fluvially derived organic carbon (OC) buried in marine sediments. We investigate the source and distribution of terrestrial OC in marine sediments in a large spatial data set that encompasses the...

Microplastics' (particles size ≤5 mm) sources and fate in marine bottom and beach sediments of the brackish are strongly polluted Baltic Sea have been investigated. Microplastics were extracted using sodium chloride (1.2 g cm-3). Their qualitative identification was conducted using micro-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (μFT-IR). Concentration of microplastics varied from 25 particles kg...