IMPORTANCE Sauna bathing is a health habit associated with better hemodynamic function; however, the association of sauna bathing with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality is not known. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of frequency and duration of sauna bathing with the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD), fatal coronary heart disease (CHD), fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD), and al...

in order to determine the hygiene indices of bathing water, and it's water quality, a survey and laboratory analysis was recently undertaken on 34 outdoor public swimming pools out of a total 126 in tehran metropolitan area according to simple random sampling without replacement. this survey revealed remarkable evidence of waver bacterial contamination at heavy bather load time. examined water ...

This study was done to demonstrate whether or not occupational therapy intervention increases bathing independence for disabled persons. The bathing section of the Klein-Bell Activities of Daily Living Scale was administered to 19 physically disabled subjects before and after bathing training was completed by occupational therapists. All 19 subjects showed improvement in their ability to bathe ...

Soft tunic syndrome (STS) is a protozoal disease caused by Azumiobodo hoyamushi in the edible ascidian Halocynthia roretzi. Previous studies have proven that combined formalin–hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) bath is effective in reducing STS progress and mortality. To secure target animal safety for field applications, toxicity of the treatment needs to be evaluated. Healthy ascidians were bathed for ...

Background: The newborn’s first bath, performed in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU), is believed to be a stressful situation, especially for the premature infants. As a developmental care approach, swaddle bathing is a low-stress bathing method for vulnerable preterm neonates. Given the limited number of the studies examining this bathing method, the present study was conducted with the aim...

Although sauna bathing causes various acute, transient cardiovascular and hormonal changes, it is well tolerated by most healthy adults and children. Sauna bathing does not influence fertility and is safe during the uncomplicated pregnancies of healthy women. Some studies have suggested that long-term sauna bathing may help lower blood pressure in patients with hypertension and improve the left...

BACKGROUND Bathing is a deeply ingrained custom among Japanese; however, data on the incidence rate of symptoms and accidents during bathing have not yet been reported for the Japanese general public. METHODS We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study of 617 Japanese adults who attended a specialized health checkup. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire to assess...

I was interested to read the case report of bathing epilepsy published by Stutchfield and Loh [1] and wish to comment on several misleading statements and factual errors. As the authors would know, we have published a comprehensive review of bath-induced events [2]. Since then, three further papers on bathing epilepsy have been published [3–6] together with a letter [6] confirming that what was...

The majority of bird taxa perform water bathing, but little is known about the adaptive value of this behaviour. If bathing is important for feather maintenance then birds that have not bathed should have poorer feather condition, compromised escape ability and therefore increased responsiveness to cues of predation. We conducted two experiments examining the behaviour of captive starlings resp...