maternal mortality refers to the death of a woman who dies during pregnancy or within six weeks after delivery. a number of factors contribute to the high maternal mortality ratio around the globe, particularly, in underdeveloped countries. pakistan has the highest mortality ratio (260 per 100,000 live births) in the region and is one of the developing countries which have committed to decrease...

the objectives of this work were to study the association of maternal smoking habits with stillbirths, abortions, neonatal deaths, birth weights, placental weights and the outcomes on the 28(th) day of life.a questionnaire was developed and completed with the hospitals' recorded data collected over a period of 5 years from 47,000 babies born in several hospitals in ontario, canada. the mothers ...

OBJECTIVE This paper argues for an additional indicator for measuring progress of the Millennium Development Goal for maternal health-the availability of emergency obstetric care. METHODS MDG monitoring will be based on two indicators: the maternal mortality ratio and the proportion of births attended by skilled personnel. Strengths and weaknesses of a third indicator are discussed RESULTS ...

Technical interventions for maternal healthcare are implemented through a dynamic social process. Peoples' behaviours--whether they be planners, managers, providers, or potential users--influence the outcomes. Given the complexity and unpredictability inherent in such dynamic processes, the proposed cause-and-effect relationships in any one context cannot be directly transferred to another. Whi...

More than two decades after the launch of the Safe Motherhood Initiative (Nairobi 1987) , maternal health in many developing countries has shown little or no improvement. Year after year, more than half a million mothers continue to die in silence. The specificities of the complex cross-cutting issue only partly explain why tireless efforts have led to insufficient progress so far. While some s...

abstract background: maternal mortality rate is among the most important health indicators. this indicator is a function of factors that are related to pregnant women; these factors include economic status, social and family life of the pregnant woman, human resources, structure of the hospitals and health centers, and management factors. strategic planning, with a comprehensive analysis and co...

presence of maternal diabetes mellitus (dm) during pregnancy has important consequences for both mother and child. to determine maternal and fetal/neonatal complications of gestational dm and compare them with pre-gestational dm, a prospective study was performed in 100 diabetic women delivered in our hospital from january 2001 to april 2002. pregnancy outcome in 27 women with gestational dm an...

labor pain is one of the most tiresome types of pain. so human has been seeking to allay this pain until now. administration of a suitable agent such as entonox during labor is very beneficial for childbirth outcomes. entonox can be administered in two ways: intermittently and continuously. the aim of this study is to demonstrate whether continuous method is as safe as intermittent method? this...

in pregnant mothers maternal diabetes happens when the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin, soblood glucose increases in the mother and then in the fetus, resulting in several injuries in neonates. thisstudy was conducted to evaluate the effects of maternal diabetes on fetal cerebrum. sixteen adult female rats were divided in two equal groups. diabetes was induced in one group by alloxan. bo...

in nigeria, the government is implementing the free maternal and child health care programme (fmchcp). the policy is premised on the notion that financial barriers are one of the most important constraints to equitable access and use of skilled maternal and child healthcare. in ebonyi state, southeastern nigeria the fmchcp is experiencing implementation challenges including: inadequate human re...