estimating maternal mortality level is constantly challenging researchers and planners both in rich and poor countries. in developing countries, particularly in burkina faso where the registration system is not working properly, censuses and surveys are the main providers of maternal mortality estimates. however, censuses provide more reliable data about maternal mortality especially at sub-nat...

SETTINGS Tuberculosis (TB) health facilities in the Gomel Region, Republic of Belarus-settings with a high burden of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. OBJECTIVE To determine treatment outcomes among MDR-TB patients diagnosed in 2009-2010 and factors associated with unsuccessful outcomes (death, failure and loss to follow-up). DESIGN Retrospect...

OBJECTIVE To examine the feasibility and effectiveness of community-based maternal mortality surveillance in rural Ghana, where most information on maternal deaths usually comes from retrospective surveys and hospital records. METHODS In 2013, community-based surveillance volunteers used a modified reproductive age mortality survey (RAMOS 4+2) to interview family members of women of reproduct...

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objective: the maternal mortality ratio is an important health indicator. we presented the distribution and causes of maternal mortality in islamic republic of iran. materials and methods: after provision of an electronic registry system for date entry, a descriptive-retrospective data collection had been performed for all maternal deaths in march 2009- march 2012. all maternal deaths and their...

Maternal death surveillance and response (MDSR) constitutes a quality improvement approach to identify how many maternal deaths occur, what the underlying causes of death and associated factors are, and how to implement actions to reduce the number of preventable stillbirths and maternal and neonatal deaths. This requires a coordinated approach, ensuring both national- and district-level stakeh...

BACKGROUND Evidence is sparse regarding the optimal construction of regimens to treat multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis disease due to strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to at least both isoniazid and rifampin. Given the low potency of many second-line antituberculous drugs, we hypothesized that an aggressive regimen of at least 5 likely effective drugs during the intensive ph...

Over 480 000 cases of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) occur every year globally, 9% of them being affected by extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The treatment of MDR/XDR-TB is unfortunately long, toxic and expensive, and the success rate largely unsatisfactory (<20% among cases with resistance patterns beyond XDR). The aim of this review is to su...