When examining parchment, it can be difficult to determine the animal species from which a skin was obtained. In order develop reliable and non-invasive method of identification, Anna Di Majo, Carlo Federici, Marco Palma studied hair follicles in parchment medieval Italian manuscripts. Using microscopes transmitted light heat-free optical fibers, they analyzed entire follicular structure each s...

Patchy thickening and reddish discoloration of active hair growth areas of skin in rabbits are occasionally found, and this gross feature could affect precise evaluation when conducting a dermal irritation test. Since little is known about the mechanism of this phenomenon, we examined the dorsal skin of New Zealand White rabbits morphologically and immunohistochemically in order to identify the...

the aim of this work was to develop and evaluate a minoxidil foamable emu oil emulsion with the purpose of improving minoxidil permeation into the skin, increasing hair growth , reducing skin irritation, and increasing consumer compliance. minoxidil was dissolved in a solvent system comprising ethanol: glycerin: lactic acid: water (10:20:5:65). the foamable emulsion was prepared by mixing the o...

background: segmental vitiligo is a small subset albeit persistent form of focal vitiligo with dermatomal distribution and resistant to medical therapy. in recent years, surgical therapy as hair follicle autograft transplantation has been a hot topic in management of segmental vitiligo. in this study, we evaluated the efficacy of this method in segmental vitiligo lesions. methods: the study rec...

Many studies have documented an abnormal cell-mediated immune reaction in alopecia areata (AA) 1 . The key histopatho logic feature of AA is a lymphocytic infiltrate around the lower hair follicle, which may appear in a characteristic “swarm of bees” pattern. The affected hair follicles terminate their anagen phase prematurely and regress via the induction of massive apoptosis of the lower port...

In mouse hairy skin, lanceolate complexes associated with three types of hair follicles, guard, awl/auchene and zigzag, serve as mechanosensory end organs. These structures are formed by unique combinations of low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs), Aβ RA-LTMRs, Aδ-LTMRs, and C-LTMRs, and their associated terminal Schwann cells (TSCs). In this study, we investigated the organization, ultrastruc...

Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is thought to perform multiple functions in the regulation of skin appendage morphogenesis and the postnatal growth of hair follicles. However, definitive genetic evidence for these roles has been lacking. Here, we show that Cre-mediated mutation of the gene encoding BMP receptor 1A in the surface epithelium and its derivatives causes arrest of tooth m...

The Wnt and Notch signalling pathways regulate hair follicle maintenance, but how they intersect is unknown. We show that Notch signalling is active in the hair follicle pre-cortex, a region of high Wnt activity, where commitment to hair lineages occurs. Deletion of jagged 1 (Jag1) results in inhibition of the hair growth cycle and conversion of hair follicles into cysts of cells undergoing int...

The combination of SEM and autoclave methods gave a clear three-dimensional demonstration of integumental elastic fibres in small densely-haired mammals. The specific organisation of a fine and spongy elastic network was characterised by uniformly thin elastic fibres which were homogeneously distributed between both hair follicle types throughout the whole dermis. All the hair follicles were co...