Nicodemi and Prisco recently proposed a model for X-chromosome inactivation in mammals, explaining this phenomenon terms of spontaneous symmetry-breaking mechanism [{\it Phys. Rev. Lett.} 99 (2007), 108104]. Here we provide mean-field version their model.

Salmonella is a foodborne pathogen responsible for several outbreaks in low-water activity (aw) foods. Treatment using light pulses emitted from light-emitting diodes (LED) an emerging decontamination method to inactivate pathogens. The objective of this study was understand the antibacterial mechanisms with 365, 395 and 455 nm wavelengths against Typhimurium low-aw conditions. 365 showed bette...

Free radicals of X-ray-induced water radiolysis, either directly or indirectly via their reaction products, reduce the activity of both dimeric cytoplasmic muscle-type creatine kinase (MM-CK) and octameric mitochondrial creatine kinase (Mi-CK) to virtually zero. Similarly values of the characteristic D(37)-dose of enzyme inactivation (dose required to reduce enzyme activity to 37%) were found f...

OBJECTIVES The relative importance of airborne, droplet and contact transmission of influenza A virus and the efficiency of control measures depends among other factors on the inactivation of viruses in different environmental media. METHODS We systematically review available information on the environmental inactivation of influenza A viruses and employ information on infectious dose and res...

This study prospectively analyzed the efficacy of very prolonged courses of pegylated Escherichia coli asparaginase (PEGasparaginase) and Erwinia asparaginase in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. Patients received 15 PEGasparaginase infusions (2500 IU/m(2) every 2 weeks) in intensification after receiving native E coli asparaginase in induction. In case of allergy to or sil...

Guanabenz (Wytensin) was shown to inactivate nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in vitro and in vivo. In in vitro studies with the use of a cytosolic fraction from penile tissue, the inactivation was found to depend on NADPH, time, and the concentration of guanabenz. The L-, but not the D-, isomer of arginine could protect from the inactivation, suggesting an active site-directed event. The k...

Possible antibiotic inactivation was studied in 12 subjects with end-stage renal disease who were undergoing thrice-weekly hemodialysis. The study was a randomized three-way crossover. Subjects received (i) gentamicin as a single intravenous dose of 2 mg/kg, (ii) 4 g of piperacillin intravenously every 12 h for four doses or 2 g of carbenicillin intravenously every 8 h for six doses, and (iii) ...

Dose-response curves for inactivation of synchronized cells from the human cell line NHK 3025 in the presence of hematoporphyrin and light are shown. Sensitivity toward photodynamic inactivation is increasing as the cells move in the cell cycle from G1 to mid-S. The increase is mostly due to a change in the extent of the shoulder of the dose-response curve at low doses. The quasithreshold dose ...