BACKGROUND Statin therapy influences not only low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels but also LDL-related biomarkers, including non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), apolipoprotein B, total number of LDL particles, and mean LDL particle size. Recent studies have identified many genetic loci influencing circulating lipid levels and statin-induced LDL cholesterol reducti...

To the Editor: The recent article by Ensign et al. (1), reporting on a disappointingly low agreement among 4 methods to assess LDL particle size and pheno-typic classification, casts doubt on the utility of these techniques in clinical practice. A similar poor correlation (r ϭ 0.39) between LDL size measurements by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gradient gel electrophoresis (GGE) has been...

Background—The Diabetes Atherosclerosis Intervention Study showed that treatment with fenofibrate decreases progression of coronary atherosclerosis in subjects with type 2 diabetes. We determined whether on-treatment plasma lipid concentrations and LDL particle size contribute to the favorable effect of fenofibrate on the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods and Results—A total...

BACKGROUND The Diabetes Atherosclerosis Intervention Study showed that treatment with fenofibrate decreases progression of coronary atherosclerosis in subjects with type 2 diabetes. We determined whether on-treatment plasma lipid concentrations and LDL particle size contribute to the favorable effect of fenofibrate on the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS AND RESULTS A tot...

OBJECTIVE Adiponectin has been postulated to affect lipid and insulin signal transduction pathways. We evaluated the relationships of plasma adiponectin with lipoprotein mean particle size and subclass concentrations, independent of obesity and insulin sensitivity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of 884 young Israeli adults who participated in the population-based Jerus...

BACKGROUND High amounts of dietary fructose may contribute to dyslipidemia in adults, but there are few data in children. Childhood adiposity is associated with smaller LDL particle size, but the dietary predictors of LDL size in overweight children have not been studied. OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine whether LDL particle size is associated with dietary factors and specifically with fructo...

From a young age, males are at higher cardiovascular risk than females. Dyslipidemia, including a higher burden related to small low-density lipoproteins (LDL), plays an important role in precipitating atherosclerosis in both males and females. We investigated sex differences in atherogenic lipoprotein burden and the independent predictors of LDL particle size in children and adolescents. We me...

BACKGROUND Barley has high amounts of soluble fiber but is not extensively consumed in the US diet. OBJECTIVE This study investigated whether consumption of barley would reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors comparably with that of other sources of soluble fiber. DESIGN Mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects (9 postmenopausal women, 9 premenopausal women, and 7 men) consumed controlled A...

BACKGROUND In patients with discordance between low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and LDL particle (LDL-P) concentrations, cardiovascular risk more closely correlates with LDL-P. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated the effect of alirocumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody to proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, on lipoprotein particle concentration and size in hypercholest...