This current study aimed to determine the students’ perception of using unfocused and focused tasks. The design was qualitative. subjects were 10 medical students UPT Balai Bahasa Universitas Malahayati. data collected through speaking tests questionnaires. test administrated. utterances will be recorded described. analyzed in which types negotiation meaning are done by speakers.The results res...

abstractthe current study examined the modification devices (mds) used by non-native speakers (nnss) learning efl during dyadic task-based interactions. three meaning-oriented tasks, namely picture-description, spot-the-difference, and opinion-exchange, were used to elicit data from 24(12 male and 12 female, forming 4 male-male, 4 female-female, and 4 male-female dyads) iranian efl learners wit...

This paper describes an automatic algorithm of meaning negotiation that enables semantic interoperability between local overlapping and heterogeneous ontologies. Rather than reconciling differences between heterogeneous ontologies, this algorithm searches for mappings between concepts of different ontologies. The algorithm is composed of three main steps: (i) computing the linguistic meaning of...