The economics membrane distillation (MD) and common seawater desalination methods including multi effect distillation (MED), multistage flash (MSF) and reverse osmosis (RO) are compared. MD also has the opportunity to enhance RO recovery, demonstrated experimentally on RO concentrate from groundwater. MD concentrated RO brine to 361,000 mg/L total dissolved solids, an order of magnitude more sa...

Abstract Membrane distillation (MD) is constantly acknowledged in the research literature as a promising technology for future of desalination, with an increasing number studies reported year after year. However, real MD applications still lag behind only few pilot-plant tests worldwide. The lack transfer from academia to industry caused by important gaps between its fundamental basis and proce...

An integrated forward osmosis (FO)-membrane distillation (MD) process is promising for the treatment and resource recovery from municipal wastewater. As higher temperature applied in MD, it could affect performance of both FO MD units. This study aimed to investigate effects type draw solution (DS) feed (FS) such as ammonium or wastewater containing at temperatures on membrane performance. It f...

Membrane distillation (MD) is an interesting process for desalination; however high thermal energy consumption remains one of the main obstacles in its widespread adoption. The current study presents multipass hollow fiber membrane modules to improve efficiency MD process. Fundamentally three module designs are considered: conventional shell and tube (fiber) pass (A), 1 multiple passes (B/C) eq...

Membrane distillation (MD), which can utilize low-grade thermal energy, has been extensively studied for desalination. By incorporating solar thermal energy, the solar membrane distillation desalination system (SMDDS) is a potential technology for resolving energy and water resource problems. Small-scale SMDDS (s-SMDDS) is an attractive and viable option for the production of fresh water for sm...

Membrane distillation (MD) is a thermal-based membrane operation with high potential for the treatment of aqueous streams. However, its implementation limited and only few examples MD pilots can be found in desalination. One reasons behind this that requires thermal energy promoting evaporation water, which implies higher consumption respect to pressure-driven operations, like reverse osmosis (...

The textile industry is an important contributor to the growth of global economy. However, a huge quantity wastewater generated as by-product during manufacturing, which hinders ongoing development in terms environmental sustainability. Membrane distillation (MD), driven by thermal-induced vapor pressure difference, being considered emerging economically viable technology treat for water reuse....

In the current lab scale study, two treatment technologies of FO (Forward osmosis) and DCMD (Direct contact membrane distillation) were used in combination to create a continuous system for water reclamation using, inorganic NaCl, surfactant (Tetraethyl ammonium bromide, TEAB) polyelectrolyte (Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride, PDAC) as draw solutes with both DI (FO-MD), monoculture municipa...

Abstract Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising membrane separation technique used to treat industrial wastewater. When coupled with cheap heat sources, MD has significant economic advantages. Therefore, can be combined solar energy realize the large-scale and low-cost treatment of highly mineralized mine water in western coal-producing region China. In this study, from Ningdong area China w...