OBJECTIVE To develop and evaluate a culturally adapted brief intervention for Indigenous people with chronic mental illness. DESIGN A mixed methods design in which an exploratory phase of qualitative research was followed by a nested randomised controlled trial. SETTING Psycho-education resources and a brief intervention, motivational care planning (MCP), were developed and tested in collab...

Tobacco dependence is a key construct in tobacco research. This paper describes a construct validation approach to dependence assessment and describes key conceptual and psychometric criteria on which to evaluate putative measures of dependence. Five current dependence scales-the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence; the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.); the Ci...

BACKGROUND People with a mental illness experience a higher burden of smoking-related disease. Smoke-free policies in mental health facilities provide an opportunity to reduce smoking-related harms for patients and staff alike. Limited evidence regarding the effect of such policies on preventing smoking in mental health facilities has been reported. The aims of this study are to describe the ex...

Behavioral responses to surveys can significantly affect inferences about population prevalence unless correctly modeled statistically. An important case study is the prevalence of nicotine dependence, a formal psychiatric disorder satisfying clinical criteria. Data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions in the United States are used, along with a flexible semi...

Little is known about the extent of problems due to extramedical opioid analgesic use ('analgesic misuse') in the US general population. This study explores the distribution of the seven DSM-IV-defined past-year dependence symptoms in a total household sample of 7,810 past-year extramedical opioid analgesic users using the 2002-2003 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). We tested for ...

objective: this study was conducted to determine the changes in the insular cortex in alcohol dependent subjects, and to compare the same with controls, the associated clinical findings. methods: the study group consisted of 30 subjects with alcohol dependence syndrome (ads) selected randomly from the out patient services of the department of psychiatry of a tertiary care hospital. the control ...

With the high number of incarcerated veterans with mental illness and substance dependence returning to the community annually, a significant need exists for technologies that will help them return to employment. This study evaluates three methods of assistance: (1) basic vocational services, (2) self-study of a vocational manual designed for formerly incarcerated veterans, and (3) a group led ...

INTRODUCTION Varenicline is widely used for smoking cessation. It has shown efficacy over placebo and bupropion in manufacturer-sponsored trials. Those with mental illness were excluded from these trials. There are case reports of exacerbation of mental illness and development of psychiatric symptoms with varenicline use. CASE PRESENTATION A 61-year-old male Caucasian being treated for post-t...

Prolonged exposure to upright and inverted female and male faces produces opposite effects on subsequent judgments of the sex of faces depending on their orientation. We show that the magnitude of this orientation-contingent gender aftereffect can be predicted from simple aftereffects induced separately at the same orientations. The contingent aftereffect can also be induced in faces tilted 90 ...