Article history: Received 15 January 2011 Received in revised form 1 July 2011 Accepted 3 July 2011 Available online 6 August 2011 We evaluated the long-term accuracy of predictions from a Delphic poll of the future of the mental health profession [1]. Six hundred participants provided predictions about the likely occurrence and probable time courses for 18 scenarios that could possibly have oc...

Using mental simulation as a means of selecting actions for an agent is not new to the scientific community, but implementations from literature focus on specific scenarios and strategies built by domain-experts. In this paper, we propose a generic decision-making agent architecture which uses mental simulation. Our architecture allows an agent to predict both physical phenomena and behavior of...

Purpose – The present experiment aimed to test the impact of a self-regulatory strategy of goal pursuit – called mental contrasting with implementation intentions (MCII) – on an integrative bargaining task. Design/methodology/approach – Participants were randomly assigned to dyads and negotiated over the sale of a car. Before negotiating, participants were prompted to engage in MCII, or one or ...

Factors that may be significant in rationalizing physician overrides of psychiatric advance directives (PADs) are not only features of individual clinical scenarios, but also are artifacts of the faltering mental health system being navigated by both provider and patient. This system, frequently viewed as hostile to consumer choice and increasingly focused on reacting to recurrent crises, is no...

Recent research has suggested that reading involves the mental simulation of events and actions described in a text. It is possible however that previous findings did not tap into processes engaged during natural reading but rather those triggered by task demands. The present study examined whether readers spontaneously mentally simulate the actions described in simple narratives by using a mem...

This paper investigates how affect-laden imagery that evokes emotional stress influences risk perception and risk taking in real-life scenarios. In a series of three studies, we instructed participants to imagine the consequences of risky scenarios and then rate the intensity of the experienced stress, perceived risk and their willingness to engage in risky behavior. Study 1 showed that people ...

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to collect and analyse examples of poor teamwork between junior doctors and nurses; identify the teamwork failures contributing to poor team function; and ascertain if particular teamwork failures are associated with higher levels of risk to patients. DESIGN Critical Incident Technique interviews were carried out with junior doctors and nurses. SETTING Two teachi...

the first step in policy making is describing the objectives and choosing the policy instruments and management strategies and then, analyzing and assessing the impacts of them. in this study, farmers’ responses to selected policy instruments and management strategies were assessed using a semi-distributed planning model in qazvin irrigation and drainage network. the proposed model, simulates t...

In complex emergency/disaster scenarios, teams from various emergency-response organizations collaborate in order to achieve a common goal. The use of smart mobile devices and applications in these scenarios can improve this collaboration dynamically; and poses interesting challenges, such as user’ mental attention, small screen size, unavailability of reliable network, reduced power, and batte...