Unskilled labor is the abundant resource in many developing countries, especially at an early stage of their development. Yet, even as at given technologies labor markets have not cleared, neo-classical economists have rejected the notion of an institutional or bargaining wage not based on competitive full employment marginal productivity fundamentals. This paper puts to rest some objections to...

This paper uses data from the German Socio-economic Panel Study to examine the effect of psychological traits, in particular personality, on the formation and dissolution of marital and cohabiting relationships. Personality traits have substantial effects on propensities to marry and divorce. Changing patterns of selection into and out of domestic partnerships indicate that the determinants of ...

We customize the aggregative game approach to oligopoly to study asymmetric media markets. Advertiser, platform, and consumer surplus are tied together by a simple summary statistic. When media are ad-financed and ads are a nuisance to consumers we establish see-saws between consumers and advertisers. Entry of a lower-quality platform increases consumer surplus, but decreases advertiser surplus...

INTRODUCTION In economic theory economic surplus refers to two related quantities: Consumer and producer surplus. Applying this theory to health care "convenience" could be one way how consumer benefits might manifest itself. METHODS Various areas of economic surplus were identified and subsequently screened and analyzed in Germany, Spain, The Netherlands, and the UK: Cesarean births, emergen...

With the current phenomenon of aging populations in most parts of the world, there are corresponding increases in age-related conditions associated with impaired cognitive status, such as dementia and delirium. Cognitive status is a key component in carrying out activities of daily living such as walking and bathing, and departures from normal cognitive status may be indicators of acute (e.g., ...