Stolons and rhizomes are modified stems for vegetative reproduction. While stolons grow above the ground, beneath ground. maintain genotypes of hybrids hence invaluable agricultural propagation. Diploid strawberry is a model studying stolon development. At axillary meristems, gibberellins MADS box gene SOC1 promote formation, while DELLA repressor inhibits Photoperiod regulates formation throug...

The shoot apical meristems (SAMs) of land plants are crucial for plant growth and organ formation. In several angiosperms, the HAIRY MERISTEM (HAM) genes function as key regulators that control meristem development stem cell homeostasis. To date, origin evolutionary history HAM family in remains unclear. Potentially shared divergent functions members from angiosperms non-angiosperms also not kn...

Adventitious organogenetic structures were produced in vitro using cotyledon explants excised from 14 day-old pepper seedlings. The best response was observed on MS medium containing 5.7 μM indole-3-acetic acid and 8.8 μM 6benzylaminopurine. However, when transferred onto elongation medium (MS + 2.8 μM gibberellic acid), these structures frequently developed into leaf-like features rather than ...

A series of experiments were carried out in order to optimize a protocol for the direct organogenesis of Chilean red clover germplasm. A range of cultivars were used to analyze the effect of explant source (crown or stem meristems of vegetative plants), culture media and plant growth regulators. Our findings showed that stem meristems were easier to obtain, presented lower levels of contaminati...

To cope with environmental changes, animals respond by altering their behavior, but sessile plants respond by altering their growth and development pattern. One of the major differences between plant and animal development is that plants have the capacity to develop new organs postembryonically. This potential to develop new organs is attributed to sets of cells, called meristems, which are fou...

In the leafy mutant of Arabidopsis, most of the lateral meristems that are fated to develop as flowers in a wild-type plant develop as inflorescence branches, whereas a few develop as abnormal flowers consisting of whorls of sepals and carpels. We have isolated several new alleles of leafy and constructed a series of double mutants with leafy and other homeotic mutants affecting floral developm...

Stem cells are required to support the indeterminate growth style of plants. Meristems are a plants stem cell niches that foster stem cell survival and the production of descendants destined for differentiation. In shoot meristems, stem cell fate is decided at the populational level. The size of the stem cell domain at the meristem tip depends on signals that are exchanged with cells of the org...

Essential to the function of shoot meristems in plants to act as sites of continuous organ and tissue formation is the ability of cells within the meristem to remain undifferentiated and proliferate indefinitely. These are characteristics of the stem cells within meristems that are critical for their growth properties. Stem cells are found in tight association with the stem cell niche-those cel...

The species Brassica oleracea includes several agricultural varieties characterized by the proliferation of different types of meristems. Using a combination of subtractive hybridization and PCR (polymerase chain reaction) techniques we have identified several genes which are expressed in the reproductive meristems of the cauliflower curd (B. oleracea var. botrytis) but not in the vegetative me...

Plant architecture consists of repeating units called phytomers, each containing an internode, leaf and axillary meristem. The formation of boundaries within the phytomer is necessary to differentiate and separate these three components, otherwise some will grow at the expense of others. The microRNA-targeted SBP-box transcription factor tasselsheath4 (tsh4) plays an essential role in establish...