Materials and methods This was an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study. A total of 222 subjects (129 women, 93 men) were recruited from the University Hospital located in a Brazilian metropolitan area (approximately 1.067,214 inhabitants). Random stratification was performed considering gender and geographic regions (downtown, north, south, east, west and other metropolitan area...

Neighborhoods where blacks and whites live in integrated settings alongside Hispanics and Asians represent a new phenomenon in the United States. These "global neighborhoods" have previously been identified in the nation's most diverse metropolitan centers. This study examines the full range of metropolitan areas to ask whether similar processes are occurring in other parts of the country. Is t...

BACKGROUND Extreme heat events (EHEs) are increasing in frequency in large U.S. cities and are responsible for a greater annual number of climate-related fatalities, on average, than any other form of extreme weather. In addition, low-density, sprawling patterns of urban development have been associated with enhanced surface temperatures in urbanized areas. OBJECTIVES In this study. we examin...

This study explores the potential effectiveness of metropolitan land cover change as a climate change adaptation strategy for managing rising temperatures in a large and rapidly warming metropolitan region of the United States. Through the integration of a mesoscale meteorological model with estimated land cover data for the Atlanta, Georgia region in 2010, this study quantifies the influence o...

This study presents the results of a paper of urban spatial structure and exceedances of the 8-h national ambient air quality standard for ozone in 45 large US metropolitan regions. Through the integration of a published index of sprawl with metropolitan level data on annual ozone exceedances, precursor emissions, and regional climate over a 13-year period, the association between the extent of...

eCommerce is generally assumed to be an unequivocal benefit for regional areas. Drawing upon the globalisation literature and the experience in Australia as a case study, this paper questions whether eCommerce is an unequivocal benefit and suggests that at least in some cases eCommerce may lead to the increased import of goods and service into non-metropolitan regions and the domination of thes...

Multiple Doppler radar analysis has been widely used to retrieve three-dimensional wind fields within thunderstorms and meso-scale convective systems (MCS) since the late 1960s. A number of countries have constructed dense operational radar networks, such as the Operational Programme for the Exchange of Weather Radar Information (OPERA; Köck et al., 2000), to monitor and forecast severe weather...

Environmental justice advocates in the US and internationally have argued that hazardous materials industries are a source of significant community disruption and environmental hazard. Few of these studies, however, have examined firms' accident frequencies or how accidents are distributed across metropolitan regions. This research argues that accident frequencies differ significantly among fir...

scapes or metropolitan regions. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) defines governance today as “the organization and administration of regional authorities and institutions on the most varied levels as well as the corresponding processes of decision-making, cooperation, and exertion of influence” (OECD 2001). But, as most observers of politico-institutional develop...