The microhabitat preference of caddisfly (Trichoptera) communities was studied in 8 types of microhabitats in a fast-flowing, medium-sized, lowland stream in Latvia. A total 36 caddisfly taxa belonging to 14 families were recorded in microhabitat samples. A PCA biplot of caddisfly taxa abundance in microhabitats showed 3 distinct caddisfly taxa groups: depositional [Limnephilidae Gen. sp., Anab...

The characteristics of microhabitats in streams can drive the distribution tadpoles. We experimentally examined microhabitat selection tadpoles Dryophytes plicatus . used a series choice experiments to test if had preferences for particular substrate types, colors, and vegetation. Tadpoles D. strong preference mud substrates over sand, gravel, rock preferred darker lighter substrates. non-veget...

Cryptobenthic fishes were often overlooked in the past due to their cryptic lifestyle, so knowledge of ecology is still incomplete. One most poorly studied taxa Mediterranean Sea clingfish. In this paper we examine habitat preferences three clingfish species (Lepadogaster lepadogaster, L. candolii, and Apletodon incognitus) occurring Gulf Trieste (Northern Adriatic). The results show that all h...

In this paper we analyze the seed dispersal stage of the Prunus mahaleb–frugivorous bird interaction from fruit removal through seed delivery within the context of disperser effectiveness. The effectiveness of a frugivorous species as a seed disperser is the contribution it makes to plant fitness. Effectiveness depends on the quantity of seed dispersed (‘‘quantity component’’) and the quality o...

Responses to microhabitat are often neglected when ecologists sample animal indicator groups. Microhabitats may be particularly influential in non-passive biodiversity sampling methods, such as baited traps or light traps, and for certain taxonomic groups which respond to fine scale environmental variation, such as insects. Here we test the effects of microhabitat on measures of species diversi...