Background: The cavernous sinus (CS) is a complex anatomical structure that poses significant challenges to neurosurgeons performing surgical interventions in this region. A comprehensive understanding of the anatomy CS, including its relevant landmarks and structures, crucial for successful outcomes. Objective: This review aimed provide overview as well approaches neurosurgeons. Methods: liter...

AIM The aim of this article is to describe the microsurgical anatomy of the cavernous sinus, the triangles, and the osseous relationships in the region with special attention to the relationships important in surgical approaches on the intracavernous structures. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty cavernous sinuses obtained from twenty-five cadaver heads were studied in detail using magnification. Ste...

The recently described supplementary grading scale may be superior to the widely used Spetzler-Martin grading scale in the prediction of microsurgical outcomes for cerebellar arteriovenous malformations (AVM). We report two cases of ruptured cerebellar AVMs with the same Spetzler-Martin grade but different supplementary grades treated with microsurgical resection. Both patients had symptomatic ...