The rules for casting maximum en,ergy on a cell placed in a static concentrator of minimum entry aperture are derived. A concentration o( 9.13 for collecting the direct sun~eam throughout the year and of 4.5 for collecting diffuse light are upper bounds when using practical ~! erials. Practical bifacial solar cells required to achieve ~hose figu: res are presented. A prototype of concentrator w...

High-concentration solar-power optics require precise two-axis tracking. The planar micro-optic solar concentrator uses a lenslet array over a planar waveguide with small reflective facets at the focal point of each lenslet to couple incident light into the waveguide. The concentrator can use conventional tracking, tilting the entire assembly, but the system geometry also allows tracking by sma...

In this paper, we propose a concept of application concentrator that realizes the multiple association at an application level. Since network technologies have been quickly advanced in recent years, various social activities have shifted on a network. Thus, a technology for realizing multiple association to many closed networks is crucial. In this paper, we propose a concept of application conc...

The depletion of mining resources forces the industry to process more heterogeneous and complex orebodies. inherent heterogeneity these orebodies their relation processing recoveries have received considerable interest in recent years. properties ores, such as mineral composition association, are known affect flotation performance. Even ores with similar compositions can vary significantly rega...

Packet concentrators are used in shared-memory and knockout switches to select and route packets into individual outputs. Recently, a switch model was introduced to investigate the intrinsic relationship between the switching complexity and traffic characteristics of packet concentrators. Using this model, it was shown that any bipartite packet concentrator with n inputs, m outputs and peak per...

Due to chip area and pin count constraints, large con-centrator switches sometimes must be partitioned among several chips. This paper presents designs for two mul-tichip partial concentrator switches, both of which follow from a lemma showing that an "-nearsorter is also an (n; m; 1 ? "=m) partial concentrator.

A conventional preoxygenation technique was compared in two volunteers with two techniques based on a drawover breathing system supplied with oxygen enriched air from a Devilbiss Mini VO2 domiciliary oxygen concentrator. Breathing from a 20-litre bag, filled previously at 2 litre min-1 from the concentrator was as effective as the conventional technique (PaO2 73.2 kPa). Supplying 4 litre min-1 ...

A novel light-emitting diode-induced polymerization technology was demonstrated, which could be applied for the on-line construction of an in-column molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction concentrator for capillary electrophoresis. Such a strategy exhibited the advantages of simplicity, zero dead volume, and ease of renewing the concentrator.

An integrated cellulose polymer concentrator/single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) sensing system is demonstrated to detect benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTX) vapors. The sensing system consists of functionalized cellulose as a selective concentrator disposed directly on top of a conductive SWCNT sensing layer. Functionalized cellulose concentrator (top layer) selectively adsorbs the target an...

We describe a microfluidic concentrator array device that is integrated with microfabricated ratchet structures to concentrate motile bacterial cells in desired destinations with required cell densities. The device consists of many pairs of concentrators with a wide range of spacing distances on a chip, and allows cells in one concentrator to be physically separated from but chemically connecte...