Dicer is aberrantly expressed in several types of malignancies. Cleaved by Dicer, the small noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) are considered potential tools for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. This study investigated the expression of miRNAs thought to target Dicer. Expression of 1,205 human miRNAs and miRNA*s were examined in four patients with prostate cancer (PCa) by miRNA array in which t...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) pair with target sequences in the 3' untranslated region of mRNAs to posttranscriptionally repress gene expression. In this study, we report that TNF-mediated induction of endothelial adhesion molecules can be regulated by miRNAs that are induced by TNF. Specifically, E-selectin and ICAM-1 are targets of TNF-induced miRNAs miR-31 and miR-17-3p, respectively. Specific antagoni...

Deregulation of miRNA expression may contribute to tumorigenesis and other patho-physiology associated with cancer. Using TLDA, expression of 762 miRNAs was checked in 18 pairs of gingivo buccal cancer-adjacent control tissues. Expression of significantly deregulated miRNAs was further validated in cancer and examined in two types of precancer (leukoplakia and lichen planus) tissues by primer-s...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a novel group of short RNAs, about 20‑22 nucleotide in length, that regulate gene expression in a post-transcriptional manner by affecting the stability or translation of mRNAs and play important roles in many biological processes. Many microRNAs have been implicated in glioblastoma. miR-31 is dysregulated in several types o...

In this paper, an unsupervised artificial neural network was implemented to identify the patters of specific signatures. The network was based on the differential expression of miRNAs (under or over expression) found in healthy or cancerous gastric tissues. Among the tissues analyzes, the neural network evaluated 514 miRNAs of gastric tissue that exhibited significant differential expression. T...

AIM Rejection is one of the major causes of late cardiac allograft failure and at present can only be diagnosed by invasive endomyocardial biopsies. We sought to determine whether microRNA profiling could serve as a non-invasive biomarker of cardiac allograft rejection. METHODS We included 113 heart transplant recipients from four referral French institutions (test cohort, n = 60, validation ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding regulatory RNAs that control gene expression and play an important role in cancer development and progression. However, little is known about the role of miRNAs in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Our objective is to decipher a miRNA expression signature associated with CML and to determine potential target genes and signaling pathways affe...

Head and neck/oral cancer (HNOC) is a devastating disease. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, mortality rates have not improved significantly over the past three decades. Improvement in patient survival requires a better understanding of the disease progression so that HNOC can be detected early in the disease process and targeted therapeutic interventions can be deployed. Accumulatin...

BACKGROUND A substantial percentage (10%-15%) of HIV-infected individuals experience a sharp decline in CD4(+) T-cell counts and progress to AIDS quickly after primary infection. Identification of biomarkers distinguishing rapid progressors (RPs) vs chronic progressors (CPs) is critical for early clinical intervention and could provide novel strategies to facilitate vaccine design and immune th...

MicroRNA-31 (miR-31) functions as tumor suppressors or oncogenes that are involved in tumor behavior. However, the function of miR-31 in cervical carcinogenesis remains unclear. The aim of this study was to validate the potential role of miR-31 and BRCA1-associated protein-1 (BAP1) on regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cervical cancer. In the present study, qRT-PCR assay reve...