background and aims: rubella is predominantly a childhood disease that is endemic throughout the world and when rubella outbreaks occur, they are accompanied by birth defects following congenital rubella syndrome. immunity to rubella virus as a teratogenic agent has an important role for prevention of these serious congenital defects. lymphocyte proliferation assay is a way for investigation of...

Recent studies have indicated that endothelial cell function includes elaboration of growth factors and regulation of coagulation. In this paper we demonstrate that activated coagulation Factor X (Factor Xa), a product of the coagulation mechanism generated before thrombin, induces enhanced release of endothelial cell mitogens, linking these two functions. Mitogenic activity generated by cultur...

The identification of 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) as one of the elusive 70 kDa S6 kinase kinases has filled a gap in the signaling pathway by which extracellular receptors regulate translation. Will it cause us to reconsider the relationships between previously identified members of the pathway?

A diverse range of conditions, from mitogenic stimuli to cytotoxic stress, can induce cell senescence. Here, I propose that simultaneous stimulation of mitogen-activated pathways and downstream inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases leads, ultimately, to cell senescence. This model distinguishes between two types of growth arrest: first, exit to G0 phase, which is caused by the withdrawal of mi...

Human platelet lysates contained potent mitogenic activities for MCF-7 human breast-cancer cells in serum-freedefined media. Because these activities were not replaced by known platelet mitogens. such as platelet-derived growth factor or transforming growth factor , we sought to identify the breast cancer cell mitogens by purification and N amino-acid sequencing. Acetic acid extracts of outdate...

Y. M. Chin, BSc (Hon) Haemotology Department Khalid Hassan, MBBS. MRCP, MRCPath, DCP, DTMH Head, Haemotology Department, Institute for Medical Research Kuala Lumpur have to be subjected to in vitro culture and stimulated with mitogens such as phytohaemagglutinin in order to obtain dividing cells for chromosome analysis. This is the standard method employed in karyotyping an individual. In leuke...

Studies on Mycoplasma pulmonis and Mycoplasma neurolyticum mitogenesis demonstrated that macrophages are not essential for the interactions of M. neurolyticum with B lymphocytes, whereas M. pulmonis that stimulates B and T lymphocytes depends on macrophages to fully exert its mitogenic effects. Membranes of both species carry the mitogenic as well as pathogenic potentials. However, M. neurolyti...

Objective(s):Although recent investigations have shown chronic inflammation and inflammation-associated diseases might be ameliorated by exercise; little is known about the relation between exercise training with anti/pro-inflammatory cytokines. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted to compare interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, interferon gamma (IFN-γ) le...