Pedogenic smectite from a young (Holocene) tropical soil was reacted in Al-rich solution at 150oC for a range of reaction times (3 to 120 days) in order to study mechanisms and rates associated with the transformation of smectite to kaolinite via interstratified kaolinite-smectite (K-S). As has been observed in tropical soils, the overall reaction rate is logarithmic, with rapid initial transfo...

-New and published experimental data on hydrothermally treated (2-kbar water pressure, 300-400~ natural clay minerals is used to construct phase diagrams in composition and pressure-temperature space which define the phase relations of mixed layering solid solution in dioctahedral (illitemontmorillonite) and trioctahedral expanding chlorite and corrensite-like minerals. Three major relations ar...

Hyperspectral image sensors provide images with a large number of contiguous spectral channels per pixel and enable information about diierent materials within a pixel to be obtained. The problem of spectrally unmixing materials may be viewed as a speciic case of the blind source separation problem where data consists of mixed signals (in this case minerals) and the goal is to determine the con...

The Cotinguiba Formation, of Cretaceous age, located in the Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, Brazilian Northeastern coast, comprises carbonate breccias and shales interlayered with fine to coarse clastic sediments (mudstones, marls), deposited maximum sea level episode during Cenomanian-Coniacian transgressive event. Core sections were selected from formation materials, which 20 plugs obtained, represent...

Abstract Clays from the Saïss basin (northern Morocco) used traditionally in ceramic industry Fez area were studied using mineralogical and physicochemical techniques to evaluate their potential suitability as raw materials for ceramics manufacture. X-ray diffraction was determine composition. The physical properties determined particle-size distribution consistency limits. chemical composition...

-Near-infrared (NIR) reflectance spectra for mixtures of ordered kaolinite and ordered dickite have been found to simulate the spectral response of disordered kaolinite. The amount of octahedral vacancy disorder in nine disordered kaolinite samples was estimated by comparing the sample spectra to the spectra of reference mixtures. The resulting estimates are consistent with previously published...

Running Title: 1-D HRTEM structure images of hydrothermal I-S mixed-layer minerals The person to whom correspondence and page proofs should be sent: Takashi Murakami Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, JAPAN E-mail: [email protected] ha l-0 01 07 03 2, v er si on 1 5 D ec 2 00 7 Author manuscript, published in "Clays and Clay Minerals 5...

Continental weathering is a fundamental process in releasing magnesium (Mg) from crystalline rocks to the hydrosphere and biosphere. Mg isotopes can be substantially mobilized, re-distributed, fractionated during weathering, therefore used as powerful tool trace biogeochemical cycle of Mg. Causes significant isotopic fractionation behaviors silicate are still not well understood, hindering furt...

The objective of this work was to study the effect of mixed culture solid substrate fermentation of C. tropicalis ZD-3 with A. niger ZD-8 on detoxification of cottonseed meal (CSM), and to investigate the effect of fermentation period, proportion of CSM in substrate, sodium carbonate, minerals and heat treatment on the reduction of free gossypol levels during mixed culture solid substrate ferme...