We have constructed catalytic molecular beacons from a hammerhead-type deoxyribozyme by a modular design. The deoxyribozyme was engineered to contain a molecular beacon stem-loop module that, when closed, inhibits the deoxyribozyme module and is complementary to a target oligonucleotide. Binding of target oligonucleotides opens the beacon stem-loop and allosterically activates the deoxyribozyme...

The YFL ribozyme is an artificial ligase ribozyme isolated by a 'design and selection' strategy, in which a modular catalytic unit was generated on a rationally designed modular scaffold RNA. This ligase ribozyme has a versatile catalytic unit that accepts not only beta-nicotinamide mononucleotide (beta-NMN) but also inorganic pyrophosphate as leaving groups for template-dependent RNA ligation....

Several different foul odors such as nitrogen-containing groups, sulfur-containing groups, and short-chain fatty-acids commonly emitted from composting facilities. In this study, an experimental laboratory-scale bioreactor was scaled up to build a large-scale modular biofiltration system that can process 34 m(3)min(-1)waste gases. This modular reactor system was proven effective in eliminating ...

In [13], Kötter and Kschischang presented a new model for error correcting codes in network coding. The alphabet in this model is the subspace lattice of a given vector space, a code is a subset of this lattice and the used metric on this alphabet is the map d ∶ (U,V ) ↦ dim(U + V ) − dim(U ∩ V ). In this paper we generalize this model to arbitrary modular lattices, i.e. we consider codes, whic...

The problem of quantizing a circularly-symmetric complex Gaussian random variable is considered. For this purpose, we design two non-uniform quantizers, a high-rate-, and a Lloyd-Max-, quantizer that are both based on the (golden angle) spiral-phyllotaxis packing principle. We find that the proposed schemes have lower mean-square error distortion compared to (non)-uniform polar/rectangular-quan...