OBJECTIVE To examine the costs of complementary information generation activities in a resource-constrained setting and compare the costs and outputs of information subsystems that generate the statistics on poverty, health and survival required for monitoring, evaluation and reporting on health programmes in the United Republic of Tanzania. METHODS Nine systems used by four government agenci...

In peer-to-peer storage systems, peers can freely join and leave the system at any time. Ensuring high data availability in such an environment is a challenging task. In this paper we analyze the costs of achieving data availability in fully decentralized peer-to-peer systems. We mainly address the problem of churn and what effect maintaining availability has on network bandwidth. We discuss tw...

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is largely preventable and prevention expenditures are relatively low. The randomised controlled SPRING-trial (SPRING-RCT) shows that cardiovascular risk management by practice nurses in general practice with and without self-monitoring both decreases cardiovascular risk, with no additional effect of self-monitoring. For considering future approaches of c...

The paper investigates the dynamic relationship between social trust and economic governance and provides a possible explanation for their long-term trends and crosssectional variation. To mitigate the inherent moral hazard problem in a principal— agent situation, both intrinsic trustworthiness and extrinsic incentives are useful. The distribution of intrinsic trustworthiness among agents chara...