By the example of sp-bonded semiconductors, we illustrate what 3rd-generation muffintin orbitals (MTOs) are. We demonstrate that they can be downfolded to smaller and smaller basis sets: spd, sp, and bond orbitals. For isolated bands, it is possible to generate Wannier functions a priori. Also for bands, which overlap other bands, Wannierlike MTOs can be generated a priori. Hence, MTOs have a u...

Filter cake trials with sugarcane in pot and field experiments have shown large yield responses to treatment with filter cake. The first invaders of filter cake were found to be yeasts and bacteria (non-spore formers) which use the free sugars still available in the filter cake. The second invaders were several fungi which were able to attack the available fibrous matter in the filter cake. In ...

AIM To assess the effect of mustard cake (Brassica juncea L.) levels in concentrate mixtures and in composite feed mixtures (CFMs) on in-vitro fermentation characteristics and methane production. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five concentrate mixtures were prepared with containing 30% oil cake, where linseed cake was replaced by mustard cake at the rate of 0%, 7.5%, 15.0%, 22.5%, and 30% in concentra...

This study aimed to determine the impact of replacing soybean meal with peanut cake in the diets of crossbred Boer goats as determined by carcass characteristics and quality and by the fatty acid profile of meat. Forty vaccinated and dewormed crossbred Boer goats were used. Goats had an average age of 5 mo and an average BW of 15.6 ± 2.7 kg. Goats were fed Tifton-85 hay and a concentrate consis...

This study compared the nutritional value of canola (B. napa) and mustard (B. hirta) press cakes obtained from the biodiesel industry as ingredients for use in diets fed to broiler chickens. A total of 210, one-day old, male broiler chicks were randomly assigned to one of seven dietary treatments. The control diet was based on wheat and soybean meal and contained 15% canola meal. For the experi...

The application of broiler manure and bedding (litter) on land has been a long-used disposal method that benefits plant and soil. For proper manure management, factors such as nutrient content, house cleaning management, application methods, and many land, crop, and climatic factors must be considered. A study was undertaken to characterize broiler cake and broiler litter as the by-products of ...

A prototype of a muffin-tin accelerating structure operating at 32 times the SLAC frequency (2.856 GHz) was built for research in high gradient acceleration. A traveling-wave design with single input and output feeds was chosen for the prototype which was fabricated by wire electrodischarge machining. Features of the mechanical design for the prototype are described. Design improvements are pre...

This experiment investigated the effect of feeding different levels of sesame oil cake on the intake and digestibility of DM, CP, crude fiber, and crude fat in Awassi fattening lambs. Sesame oil cake was incorporated into lamhs’ rafions at levels of 10 and 20% to replace similar percentages of barley and soybean. The results showed that the high level of sesame oil cake inclusion decreased DM a...

This study aimed to analyze the economic feasibility of replacing soybean meal by sunflower cake in the diet of lambs. Twenty-eight non-castrated crossbred Suffolk lambs aged four months, with 21 kg average body weight ± 9 kg were used. These animals were distributed by weight category into 3 treatments (10, 20 and 30% dry matter (DM) addition of sunflower cake in replacing soybean meal) and co...

AIM The current in vitro study was carried out to determine the chemical composition and inclusion level of lime treated olive cake on acid detergent fiber (ADF) replacement basis in adult male goats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Crude olive cake was collected and evaluated for proximate composition and protein fractionation. It was treated with 6% lime and incubated for 1 week under room temperatur...