Background: A cracked tooth may be challenging for dentists because it may present with varied intensities, may be asymptomatic, and may still not be clinically visible. The transilumination method can facilitate diagnosis and ensure appropriate treatment in such cases. The aim of the present article was to report a clinical case of an anterior cracked tooth with a nonesthetic class IV restorat...

Based on the reference stress approach, two sets of the crack opening displacement (COD) estimation equations are proposed for a complex cracked pipe. One set of equations can be used for the case when full stressstrain data are known, and the other for the case when only yield and tensile strengths are available. To define the reference stress, a simple plastic limit analysis for the complex c...

At 56 weeks of age, 30 Hyline (W-377) laying pullets were randomly distributed in individual (1 pullet per cage) 45 x 45 x 35 cm cages. Cracked egg was used as protein supplement to the diet. Three groups of 10 Hyline laying pullets each were formed. Three isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets were prepared from different protein sources as followed: ration 1 (control) − soybean meal; ration 2 (e...

Abstract. Due to their microstructure, quasi brittle materials present rough cracks. Under sliding of the crack lips, this roughness involves in one hand induced opening and in the other hand some apparent plasticity which is due to the interlocking of the crack lips combined with Coulomb’s friction. The proposed model is written under the irreversible thermodynamics framework. Micromechanics u...

In this paper, the effect of the crack on dynamic behavior of cracked micro-beam in the presence of DC and AC loads are investigated. By applying the residual axial stress and fringing field stress, a nonlinear analytical model of cracked micro-beam is presented and crack is modeled by a massless rotational spring. The governing equation of the system is solved using Galerkin procedure and shoo...