Aim/purpose – This paper aims at examining the value propositions of tourism market- ing for smartphone marketing and perceptions tourists using applications by investigating National Tourism Organization (NTO) Hong Kong South Korea, respectively. Design/methodology/approach Through conducting in-depth focus group inter- views, present study explored compared proposition destination NTOs in Kor...

American Education in the Age of Mass Migrations 1870-1930 This paper derives original series of average years of schooling in the United States 18701930, which take into account the impact of mass migrations on the US educational level. We reconstruct the foreign-born US population by age and by country of origin, while combining data on the flow of migrants by country and the age pyramids of ...

Nigeria is a dominant economic force in sub-Saharan Africa with a strong economy as well as booming oil and agricultural sectors. However, over-dependence on the production and export of oil as well as food imports has rendered the economy vulnerable to global price fluctuations. The increasing spate of fluctuations in the world price of oil affects not only the economic sector but also agricul...

We use a difference-in-differences strategy that compares Communist with Western European countries to test the effect of the collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe on the flow of book translations between countries. We find that translations of Western European titles into former non-Soviet Communist countries increased by a factor of eight with the fall of Communism and reached Western level...

As small mobile devices such as mobile phones become increasingly sophisticated, they are beginning to be used for highly securitysensitive applications such as payment systems, stock trading, and access control systems. The increasing importance of mobile phones exposes the tremendous lack of access control systems that restrict access to the legitimate user. In fact, a lost mobile phone “dele...

This article provides a status report on discrete mathematics in America’s schools, including an overview of publications and programs that have had major impact. It discusses why discrete mathematics should be introduced in the schools and the authors’ efforts to advocate, facilitate, and support the adoption of discrete mathematics topics in the schools. Their perspective is that discrete mat...

Using book translations as a measure of the flow of ideas across countries, we test the effect of the collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe on the international transmission of ideas. We find that translations of Western European titles into former Communist countries increased by a factor of five with the fall of Communism, while translations between Communist countries decreased by a factor...

The conjugative coupling protein TrwB is responsible for connecting the relaxosome to the type IV secretion system during conjugative DNA transfer of plasmid R388. It is directly involved in transport of the relaxase TrwC, and it displays an ATPase activity probably involved in DNA pumping. We designed a conjugation assay in which the frequency of DNA transfer is directly proportional to the am...

This study aims to quantify the phosphorus (P) concentration in the commercially adapted ten corn hybrids in South Dakota and to determine if selection can be carried out for these traits to develop useful inbred lines; to determine the effect of planting densities on P concentrations and dry matter (DM) yields. Results showed that hybrid were significantly differences for percent phosphorus. H...

A substantial part of the economic growth literature suggests that historically, geographic features such as decreasing trade costs have improved not only output but also growth. However, this literature lacks an analytical motivation for lower trade barriers, and assumes their decrease to obtain exogenously and at no cost. This paper attempts to address the issue by investigating how endogenou...