I grew up in Edinburgh, at the same latitude as Copenhagen, and then covered by a pall of coal smoke which gave it the sobriquet ‘auld reekie’. Many bandy-legged and dwarfed citizens carried the legacy of rickets contracted before the discovery of vitamin D, the fortification of food and the Clean Air Acts. However vitamin D, good in the right dose, is dangerous in overdose and there is no doub...

The Paramyxovirus membrane associated proteins are composed of two integral membrane glycoproteins, HN (H, G) and F, and of a matrix protein (M) carpeting the membrane inner layer. For Sendai virus (SeV), F and M have been proposed to form a complex at the endoplasmic reticulum that further migrates to the cell periphery where it represents a nucleation site for viral assembly completion (Essai...

In medieval Islam, traditional primary educational practices laid special emphasis on learning the Qur??n by heart. Ideally, a pupil was primed to memorize entirety of Holy Book?a feat known as khatma or ?adhqa. The successful learner would earn prestigious sobriquet “??fi?”, for which he/she be proudly rest his/her life. Muslim youngsters continue up present times Qur??n, in conceivably more l...