BACKGROUND: Shoulder pain is a common complication of stroke. Bee venom acupuncture (BVA) is increasingly used in the treatment of post-stroke shoulder pain. OBJECTIVE: To summarize and evaluate evidence on the effectiveness of BVA in relieving shoulder pain after stroke. SEARCH STRATEGY: Nine databases, namely MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (...

Robert D. Kerns, PhD In late 1998, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), one of the largest healthcare delivery systems in the United States, enacted its National Pain Management Strategy designed to provide a systemwide standard of care to reduce suffering from preventable pain. This overarching goal of the Strategy has elevated pain management to a top priority within the VHA and sparked ...

technical analysis is the forecasting of future price movement based on an examination of past prices. some scientist found that the study of historical prices cannot predict future prices. in this research we intend to study which technical analysis tool is better for prediction of future price movement, for this purpose we are studying two the most strongest technical analysis tools is called...

OBJECTIVE To address how health professionals may inadvertently contribute to the stigmatization of patients with chronic pain. SETTING Formulation and implementation of the Australian National Pain Strategy. DESIGN Review of current concepts of stereotyping and stigma, consideration of their relationship to empathy, and how they might impinge upon the clinical encounter. FINDINGS The ext...

This special issue of Library Trends is comprised of sixteen articles that tell fascinating stories about the ground-breaking efforts of numerous partners within the Library of Congress National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP). Since its inception in 2004, NDIIPP has grown from an experimental program into a true partnership of concerned organizations workin...