1 Polymer Centre, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Nám. T.G. Masaryka 5555, 76272 Zlin, Czech Republic. 2 Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhine-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany. 3 Polymer Centre, Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Nám. T.G. Masaryka 5555, 76272 Zlin, Czech Republic. * corresponding...

the effects of solvent, temperature, time, weight percent of catalyst on the rate and mechanism of cyclization of natural rubber (nr) was studied in toluene and xylene solutions having tin tetra chloride catalyst (sncl4). iodometric titration show, with 8% sncl4 (based on polymer weight) cyclization occurs, leaving 27.4% of the total unsaturation. infrared spectra of cyclized nr show decreased ...

The present study prepares alkali lignin (AL) via acidification of black liquor, obtained from a pulp and paper factory. The average molecular weight of AL (equal to 2,530 g/mol) has been determined with gel permeation chromatography. AL has been modified by ethylene glycol, while lignin nanoparticles (LN) has been prepared through acid precipitation technology, their size being assessed by mea...

Amidst growing concerns for environmental degradation by anthropologic activities and use of non-biodegradable materials industrial household purposes, a focus on natural polymeric offers the veritable prospects future survival. Although some synthetic polymers are biodegradable, process production that is usually non-green adds to pollution. Natural naturally occurring organic molecules such a...