the main objective of this descriptive research was to determinate the components related to an expansion of marketing of flowers and ornamental plants. the statistical population of the study consisted of all floriculturists (4920) in tehran, markazi, gilan, khozestan, and razavi-khorasan provinces as well as extension experts. a sample of 234 floriculturists was selected by use of “cluster pr...

This research explores the moderating roles of regulatory focus and product category in the impact of advertising framing on consumers’ advertising attitudes toward healthcare products. 236 persons participated in a 2 (framing: negative vs. positive) × 2 (regulatory focus: prevention-focused vs. promotion-focused) × 2 (product category: informational vs. transformational) factorial design. Resu...

BACKGROUND Pharmaceutical advertisements are an important means of bringing drug information to physicians. Most advertisements are intended only to raise awareness, though there are those that do seek to persuade through presentation of research findings. Researchers have questioned the quality of the research reported in advertisements and wonder whether these advertisements would lead to imp...

We conducted randomized clinical trials to examine the impact of direct-to-consumer advertisements on the efficacy of a branded drug. We compared the objectively measured, physiological effect of Claritin (Merck & Co.), a leading antihistamine medication, across subjects randomized to watch a movie spliced with advertisements for Claritin or advertisements for Zyrtec (McNeil), a competitor anti...

BACKGROUND Physician-directed pharmaceutical advertising is regulated in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA); adherence to current FDA guidelines is unknown. Our objective was to determine adherence rates of physician-directed print advertisements in biomedical journals to FDA guidelines and describe content important for safe prescribing. METHODS AND FINDINGS Cross-se...

Obesity rates among American youth have prompted an examination of food advertisements geared towards children. Research indicates children's high exposure to these advertisements and their influence on food preferences. Less is known about the presence of these advertisements in parenting magazines. This study's objective was to examine prevalence of food advertisements in popular parenting ma...

OBJECTIVE To describe the pattern and prevalence of food and drink advertisements to children on commercial television in Sydney, Australia, and compare these with advertising regulations set out in the Children's Television Standards and results from a similar study in 2002. DESIGN Data were collected by recording television from 06.00 hours until 23.00 hours on all three commercial channels...

this article intended to illustrate a profile of the impact of english in magazine print advertising in iran, examining the quantitative results obtained from discourse analysis. three issues of khanevadeh sabz and two issues of zendegi ideal, female-oriented and best-seller magazines published in 2011, were collected and a total of 261 advertisements was analyzed qualitatively. results showed ...