background: the pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-α), is a pathogenic element for a number of disorders. previous studies have reported that the -1031 t/c and -238 g/a polymorphisms in the promoter region of the tnf-α gene are important factors in reproductive-related disorders. one of the most common gynecological diseases of women during the reproductive years is end...

crohn’s disease is an inflammatory bowel disease (ibd), characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation that causes the loss of immune tolerance leading to bizarre inflammatory signals and disruption of mucosal barriers. environmental triggers and interaction of genetic determinants also play an indispensible role. in this case report, we present a pre-pubertal girl with intermittent and refra...

pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy-specific syndrome that may be dangerous especially to the fetus. different cytokines have been found to be elevated in women with pre-eclampsia and may have possible roles in the development of this disorder. alleles of the interleukin-l-beta (il-lβ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-α) genes are associated with pr-eeclampsia in several studies in different popul...

conclusions according to our result, 1525g/a and 1595c/t were in strong linkage disequilibrium and the polymorphisms of the trail gene in the 3’ utr region were not associated with the outcome of hbv infection. results our data showed that genotypes 1525g/a and 1595c/t were in complete linkage disequilibrium and the genotype frequencies at the two positions were the same. no significant differe...