Meeting the many requirements of clients, fellow associates and society has become a requirement for organizational success (Popcorn, 1991; Kaufman, 1998). In response of this increasing demand of both internal and external clients “need assessments” have become a mainstay in organizational management of recent years. With a history that can be traced in part back to 1952 (Moore and Dutton, 197...

Learning needs assessment is a crucial stage in the educational process that leads to changes in practice, and has become part of government policy for continuing professional development. Learning needs assessment can be undertaken for many reasons, so its purpose should be defined and should determine the method used and the use made of findings. Exclusive reliance on formal needs assessment ...

C hronic transplant glomerulopathy (CTG), investigated in a large single-center study by Akalin et al. (1), is an interesting pathologic lesion that develops in the renal allograft. It is characterized by endothelial cell injury or loss, accumulation of flocculent material in a widened subendothelial space, and mesangial interposition with deposition of new matrix along glomerular capillary wal...

Classically, risk is characterised by a point value probability indicating the likelihood of occurrence of an adverse effect. However, there are domains where the attainability of objective numerical risk characterisations is increasingly being questioned. This paper reviews the arguments in favour of extending classical techniques of risk assessment to incorporate meaningful qualitative and we...

and today would produce nearly 200 HIA reports. A good HIA report is unlikely to be accepted by a peer reviewed journal and an accepted paper would almost certainly have to omit half the material that a good HIA report should contain. None the less, the HIA community should pay a great deal of attention to Thomson’s critique. A more balanced summary of the state of HIA would have been ‘has made...