INTRODUCTION Improving access to sterile injection equipment is a key component in community-based infectious disease prevention. Implementation of syringe access programs has sometimes been complicated by community opposition and police interference. CASE DESCRIPTION In 2006, the Delaware legislature authorized a pilot syringe exchange program (SEP). A program designed to prevent, monitor, a...

Afterschool programs (ASPs)—also called out-of-school time (OST) programs—include a variety of program types, structured in numerous ways, designed to affect a variety of outcomes. As the name implies, such programs generally occur outside of mandated school hours, although some programs classified as afterschool or out-of-school may be part of a larger program where elements are delivered duri...

This study explores the acceptability, the barriers to the implementation of needle and syringe exchange programs (NSPs) and the potential improvement strategies in China from the perspectives of governmental health and public security officials. Purposive sampling was used for recruitment of participants who had been involved in NSPs implementation. Semi-Structured individual interviews were c...

Envy is a universal emotion and often is considered to be socially undesirable. This emotion has been relatively ignored in organizational behavior research. In this study, we focus on the impact of leader member exchange on envy. We also investigate moderating effects of perceived co-worker similarity and equity sensitivity in the relationship between leader member exchange and envy. Building ...

The paper presents an analysis of the policy advocacy strategies used by both proponents and opponents of needle exchange programs in the US, drawing on the analytic framework developed by Stone. Based on a case study of the politics of needle exchange in Massachusetts, we argue that proponents of needle exchange have relied almost exclusively on empirical scientific arguments to build their ca...

INTRODUCTION The objective of this paper is to amend the bias included in our previous work, presenting a corrected estimation of the need and coverage of syringes/needles in Spanish prisons between 1992 and 2009. METHODS Data on the provision of the needles exchange programs (NEPs) in prison is taken from official publications. The need was calculated by applying multiplicative methods to se...

OVERVIEW Based on a review of the current literature and recommendations, the American College of Preventive Medicine presents a public policy statement on needle-exchange programs.

Needle exchange programs chase political as well as epidemiological dragons, carrying within them both implicit moral and political goals. In the exchange model of syringe distribution, injection drug users (IDUs) must provide used needles in order to receive new needles. Distribution and retrieval are co-existent in the exchange model. Likewise, limitations on how many needles can be received ...

conclusions tattooing and longer duration of addiction were two important factors that significantly increased retention in the program. in contrast, history of using harm reduction services was the factor that decreased persistence. the risk of quitting the program may decrease about 68% in those who did not involve in harm reduction programs. patients and methods this cohort study analyzed da...