objective(s):  being secreted by the pineal gland, melatonin induces cell proliferation in normal cells and induced apoptosis in cancer cells. the purpose of this study was to investigate effects of melatonin on main components and the expression of apoptotic genes in vitrified-thawed testicular germ cells of 6- day–old mice.  materials and methods: testes of neonate balb/c mice were vitrified-...

1. Explain the relationship of the frequency of hyperglycemia with the birthweight and gestational age of the neonate. 2. List factors that may decrease glucose tolerance in the neonate. 3. Describe the major mechanism(s) contributing to altered regulation of neonatal glucose metabolism. 4. List the untoward effects of hyperglycemia in the neonate. 5. Describe the beneficial effects of insulin ...

Background: Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are the foundation of spermatogenesis. New procedure such as sound wave especially low intensity ultrasound (LIUS) can be effective on increasing the number of cells. In this study we investigated the effect of LIUS stimulation on mouse SSCs. Materials and Methods: Isolated SSCs from neonate mice cultured in DMEM culture medium with 10% fetal bovine ...

An ever-expanding body of evidence in both humans and animal models demonstrates the influence of the resident gut microbiota on host health and disease susceptibility. However, as unwanted bacterial, viral, protozoal, and parasitic agents have gradually been eliminated from colonies of purpose-bred laboratory mice, the resident microbiota has lost richness and complexity. Recent studies have s...

COVID-19, a clinical syndrome caused by the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) became pandemic following an outbreak of viral pneumonitis, first identified in Wuhan, China. The disease manifestations vary ranging from mild upper respiratory tract infection to severe acute distress (ARDS) and even death. Although most neonatal cases are asymptomatic, rarely, they can present with cytokine storm mimicking ...

A group B streptococcus recovered from a blood specimen from a neonate with sepsis was used to evaluate the use of mice for studies characterizing the hematogenous virulence and the asymptomatic mucosal colonization of the vagina or of the respiratory tract by these bacteria. When injected intravenously, the 50% lethal dose for mice was 10(6); however, as few as 10(2) organisms produced septic ...

HELLP syndrome is most often diagnosed between 27 and 37 weeks gestation. It is also a diagnosis that can be seen during the postpartum period. The effects of HELLP syndrome on the neonate can be significant. Recognizing the risks to the neonate can assist the clinician in preparing for the neonate prior to delivery. In doing so, the mortality and morbidity rates can be reduced.

Bacteremic/20 wk PEN × 9 d Uncomplicated term delivery; neonate unaffected Zervoudakis and Cederqvist, 1977 Bacteremic/19 wk AMP × 3 wk Uncomplicated term delivery; neonate unaffected Hume, 1976 Bacteremic/18 wk AMP × 2 wk; then PO AMX Uncomplicated delivery at 39 wk; neonate unaffected Benshushan et al., 2002 Bacteremic/18 wk AMP × 7 d, GEN × 2 d; then PO AMX Diagnosed postpartum; preterm deli...

The immune response of the neonate is poor and is dependent on passive immunity provided by maternal Ig. However, here we show that exposure of the neonate to environmental antigens induces a germinal center (GC) reaction. In the peripheral blood of premature infants one finds IgG class switched B cells expressing a selected V-gene repertoire. These data suggest that restrictions in the reperto...

1. Describe the association between gestational age, birthweight, and postnatal age and blood pressure in the neonate. 2. Delineate the primary clinical consideration in an infant who has hypotension. 3. Describe the controversy surrounding the relationship between antenatal steroid therapy and neonatal blood pressure. 4. Delineate the aspects of management of respiratory illnesses in the neona...