This paper presents a modelling-led approach applied to low carbon innovative housing retrofit practice in Wales, UK. The research has investigated the implementation of combinations of existing and emerging low carbon technologies through a systems based approach to optimise the use of energy at the point of generation at both building and community scales. A performance prediction model has b...

In the future, number of electric vehicles will increase significantly, promoting integration renewable energy into buildings and vehicles, which helps to achieve greening in transportation architectural fields. The system includes energy, buildings, storage systems. this paper, mathematical model each is established, electricity consumption building power generation PV panels are predicted by ...

An increasing demand for energy-efficient buildings has led to an increasing focus on predicted energy performance once a building is in use. Many studies have identified a performance gap between predicted energy use and actual measured energy use once buildings are in the user phase. However, none of the identified studies normalise measured energy use for both internal and external deviating...