adult neurogenesis is a process of producing nerve cells from their progenitor that occurs in some areas in the brain such as the hypothalamus. low activity in this area plays a role in neural degeneration and diseases such as multiple sclerosis, epilepsy and depression. ms is a neurodegenerative disease with a permanent disability that the main reason for it is axonal degeneration and neuronal...

objective: hippocampal insults have been observed in multiple sclerosis (ms) patients. fibroblast growth factor-2 (fgf2) induces neurogenesis in the hippocampus and enhances the proliferation, migration and differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (opcs). in the current study, we have investigated the effect of fgf2 on the processes of gliotoxin induced demyelination and subsequent r...

in this presentation, we review briefly on biogenesis of peroxisomes with regard to the recent findings on biogenesis. peroxisomes perform a range of various functions as oxidation of very long chain fatty acids, generation and removal of hydrogen peroxide, while peroxisomes have also been implicated in β-oxidation of aromatic and cyclic compounds, synthesis of plasmalogens, isoprenoids, lysine...

in this presentation, we review briefly on biogenesis of peroxisomes with regard to the recent findings on biogenesis. peroxisomes perform a range of various functions as oxidation of very long chain fatty acids, generation and removal of hydrogen peroxide, while peroxisomes have also been implicated in β-oxidation of aromatic and cyclic compounds, synthesis of plasmalogens, isoprenoids, lysine...

Neural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing multipotent cells that generate the main phenotypes of the nervous system, neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. As such they hold the promise to treat a broad range of neurological diseases and injuries. Neural progenitor and stem cells have been isolated and characterized in vitro, from adult, fetal and post-mortem tissues, providing sources of m...

Maintaining a balance between self-renewal and differentiation in neural progenitor cells during development is important to ensure that correct numbers of neural cells are generated. We report that the ephrin-B-PDZ-RGS3 signaling pathway functions to regulate this balance in the developing mammalian cerebral cortex. During cortical neurogenesis, expression of ephrin-B1 and PDZ-RGS3 is specific...

objective: cardiac cell differentiation with the help of mirnas has recently opened a promising window for the restoration of myocardial infarction. independent mir-1-2/133a-1 and mir-206/133b clusters are known to be expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscles, respectively. mir-133b differs from mir-133a by only one nucleotide. the sequence similarity of these two mirnas suggests that they targ...

Presenilin-1 (PS1) is the catalytic core of the aspartyl protease γ-secretase. Previous genetic studies using germ-line deletion of PS1 and conditional knock-out mice demonstrated that PS1 plays an essential role in neuronal differentiation during neural development, but it remained unclear whether PS1 plays a similar role in neurogenesis in the adult brain. Here we show that neural progenitor ...

Multipotent stem cells must generate various differentiated cell types in correct number and sequence during neural development. In the peripheral nervous system (PNS), this involves the formation of postmigratory progenitor cell types which maintain multipotency and are able to give rise to neural and non-neural cells in response to instructive growth factors. We propose that fate restrictions...

Endocannabinoids exert an important neuromodulatory role via presynaptic cannabinoid CB1 receptors and may also participate in the control of neural cell death and survival. The function of the endocannabinoid system has been extensively studied in differentiated neurons, but its potential role in neural progenitor cells remains to be elucidated. Here we show that the CB1 receptor and the endoc...