Axon regeneration in the adult CNS is limited by the presence of inhibitory proteins. An interaction of Nogo on the oligodendrocyte surface with Nogo-66 Receptor (NgR) on axons has been suggested to play an important role in limiting axonal growth. Here, we compare the localization of these two proteins immunohistochemically as a test of this hypothesis. Throughout much of the adult CNS, Nogo-A...

Truncated tissue factor (tTF), retargeted to tumor vasculature by GNGRAHA peptide (tTF-NGR), and doxorubicin have therapeutic activity against a variety of tumors. We report on combination experiments of both drugs using different schedules. We have tested fluorescence- and HPLC-based intratumoral pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin, flow cytometry for cellular phosphatidylserine (PS) expression, a...

We investigated the effects of lentivirus-mediated RNAi targeting of Nogo Receptor (NgR) on the proliferation and survival of murine retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs) in vitro and in vivo. Cultured mRGCs and C57BL/6 male mice were divided into 4 experimental groups: blank, model [100 μM N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)], nscRNA (100 μM NMDA+ nscRNA vectors) and siNgR (100 μM NMDA+ siNgR vectors). CCK-8...

We induced thrombosis of blood vessels in solid tumors in mice by a fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domain of tissue factor (truncated tissue factor, tTF) and the peptide GNGRAHA, targeting aminopeptidase N (CD13) and the integrin alpha(v)beta(3) (CD51/CD61) on tumor vascular endothelium. The designed fusion protein tTF-NGR retained its thrombogenic activity as demonstrated by co...

BACKGROUND asparagine-glycine-arginine-human tumour necrosis factor (NGR-hTNF), an agent selectively damaging the tumour vasculature, showed a biphasic dose-response curve in preclinical models. Previous phase I trials of NGR-hTNF indicated 0.8 and 45 μg/m(2) as optimal biological and maximum-tolerated dose, respectively. PATIENTS AND METHODS Two sequential cohorts of 12 colorectal cancer (CR...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo characteristics of a new tumor-targeted nanosized delivery carrier for antisense oligonucleotide (ASON). METHODS Polyethylenimine (PEI) was used to condense ASON to form nanosized complexes (PEI/ASON), which were then modified using asparagine-glycine-arginine (NGR) peptide to obtain a tumor-targeted nanosized de...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There is some uncertainty about treating patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) with 1 nongender-related (NGR) stroke risk factor (CHA2DS2-VASc [ie, congestive heart failure, hypertension, age (≥75 years; 2 points), diabetes, stroke/transient ischemic attack (2 points), vascular disease, age (65-74 years), sex (female)] score of 1 in males and 2 in females) with oral anti...

At least three proteins present in CNS myelin, Nogo, MAG and OMgp are capable of causing growth cone collapse and inhibiting neurite outgrowth in vitro. Surprisingly, Nogo and OMgp are also strongly expressed by many neurons (including neocortical projection cells). Nogo expression is increased by some cells at the borders of CNS lesion sites and by cells in injured peripheral nerves, but Nogo ...

Targeting angiogenic vasculature has been validated as a viable approach for cancer imaging and therapy. The tumour vasculature-specific ligand asparagine-glycinearginine (NGR) peptide targets the isoform of aminopeptidase N (CD13) expressed on endothelial cells lining angiogenic vessels. CD13 has become widely recognized as a rational target for therapeutic development and several NGR-conjugat...

We induced thrombosis of blood vessels in solid tumors in mice by a fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domain of tissue factor (truncated tissue factor, tTF) and the peptide GNGRAHA, targeting aminopeptidase N (CD13) and the integrin v 3 (CD51/CD61) on tumor vascular endothelium. The designed fusion protein tTF-NGR retained its thrombogenic activity as demonstrated by coagulation as...