Cropping systems based on carefully designed species mixtures reveal many potential advantages in terms of enhancing crop productivity, reducing pest and diseases, and enhancing ecological services. Associating cereals and legume production either through intercropping or rotations might be a relevant strategy of producing both type of culture, while benefiting from combined nitrogen fixed by t...

Nitrogen is an essential element for many biological processes, including those occurring in plants (Ogura et al., 2006). Despite the abundance of atmospheric nitrogen, production of nitrogen fertilisers by the Harber–Bosch process is increasing annually due to the deficiency of ammonia produced by biological nitrogen fixation—the enzyme-catalyzed reduction of nitrogen gas (N2). Concern over ‘g...

To evaluate the inoculation effect of potassium releasing, phosphate solubilizing and nitrogen fixing bacteria on the fruit quality of tomato, an experiment based on randomized complete block design with 9 treatments and 3 replications has been conducted. In this experiment, tomato (super chief cv.) seedlings of the in the treasury cultivation with single and combined treatments of the potassiu...

Plant growth-promoting bacteria –PGPB– are microorganisms that can grow in, on, or around plant tissues and stimulate plant growth by numerous mechanisms (Vessey 2003). Within this group, nitrogen-fixing bacteria play a remarkable role in plant nutritition. They can take N2 from atmosphere and make it available for plant uptake (Halbleib and Ludden 2000). Azotobacter, a nitrogen-fixing bacteria...

The aim of this review is to present the current state of knowledge on plant chitinases and their regulation and function. Chitinases are up-regulated by a variety of stress conditions, both biotic and abiotic, and by such phytohormones as ethylene, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid. Like other PR proteins, chitinases play a role in plant resistance against distinct pathogens. Moreover, by redu...

large-scale project to convert the rice plant to the C4 mechanism. Around a dozen genes are required for the process, a few of which have already been transferred to the rice plant. The bigger challenge, however, lies in the fact that the anatomy of the leaves has to be adapted to keep the initial carbon fixation reaction separated from the RuBisCO reaction. This might still take a while. Simil...

The photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris is one of just a few prokaryotes described so far that has vnf and anf genes for alternative vanadium cofactor (V) and iron cofactor (Fe) nitrogenases in addition to nif genes for a molybdenum cofactor (Mo) nitrogenase. Transcriptome data indicated that the 32 genes in the nif gene cluster, but not the anf or vnf genes, were induced in wil...

In order to study the effect of vermicompost and nitrogen fixing bacteria on seed yield, yield components of seed and essential oil content of coriander (Coriandrum sativum), an experiment was conducted as factorial experiment in the base of randomized complete blocks design with eight treatments and three replications at research field of Agriculture Company of Ran in Firouzkuh of Iran in 2012...

Recently Phelps and Wilson (1) reported the occurrence of hydrogenase, the enzyme which activates molecular hydrogen, in nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Because HZ specifically inhibits nitrogen fixation by red clover plants inoculated with Rhizobium trijolii as well as by Azotobacter (2,3), possession of hydrogenase by these organisms may be more than merely fortuitous. The possibility must be consi...