The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and treatment of enuresis among primary-school children living in Oromieh city, Islamic Republic of Iran. A questionnaire was answered by parents of 3500 selected students at the annual school enrolment in summer 2004. The frequency of nocturnal enuresis was 7.7%. Enuresis frequency was significantly higher among boys (8.6%) than girls (6.7%)...

Nocturnal enuresis (enuresis or bedwetting) is the most common type of urinary incontinence in children. Depending on the definition, prevalence is 8-20% for 5 year olds, 1.5-10% for 10 year olds, and 0.5-2% for adults, with 2.6% of 7.5 year old children wetting on two or more nights a week. Prevalence seems to be similar worldwide. Here, we review current knowledge about the treatment of this ...

Secondary nocturnal enuresis is generally seen between 5 and 7 years of age and it is rarely encountered when compared with the primary incontinence. Patients with suggested diagnosis of secondary nocturnal enuresis should be examined for neurological and spinal anomalies and diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, renal failure and urinary tract infection should be ruled out in differential dia...

Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is a dentofacial orthopedic treatment procedure which has been routinely used to correct transversal maxillary skeletal and/or dental constriction. Application of RME not only expands the constricted maxilla but also results in an increase in nasopharyngeal airway dimensions, improvement in nasal respiration in patients with abnormal breathing patterns, and bette...

BACKGROUND Nocturnal enuresis has been reported in patients taking clozapine, but the incidence has not been accurately established. The incidence of enuresis in patients taking risperidone, olanzapine or quetiapine is unknown. Aims To compare nocturnal enuresis in patients taking clozapine with that in patients taking risperidone, olanzapine or quetiapine. METHOD Observational cohort study u...

patients and methods this study was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. a hundred boys with pmne and ihc were randomly assigned into two groups of experimental (treated with hct 1 mg/kg/day) and control and all patients were followed for 4 months for the number of wet-night episodes. results the mean numbers of wet-night episodes in the first (intervention: 8.34 ± 8.54,...

We have investigated two unrelated families, in which two children had inherited primary nocturnal enuresis, and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus caused by new mutations in the aquaporin-2 gene (AQP2). The mutant AQP2 proteins were inactive, suggesting that administration of desmopressin could not concentrate the urine in these patients. However, treatment with desmopressin resolved primary noctu...

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of trazodone in the treatment of nocturnal enuresis in school age children. Methods: Nine patients (7 male and 2 female) with nocturnal enuresis, resistant to regular treatments, received trazodone (25 mg/day, for the first week and 50 mg/day for the second week). Results: Marked improvement was observed in one case, while partial improvemen...

Goals & Objectives: Recognize and manage common developmental and behavioral conditions involving enuresis which generally do not require referral. • Describe diagnostic criteria, including differentiation of primary vs. secondary, and diurnal vs. nocturnal. • Identify conditions in the differential diagnosis of, as well as risk factors for, nocturnal enuresis • Perform assessment appropriate t...