Some simulation environments may wish to evaluate effects on flow and movement, such as in a pedestrian simulation. Analysis of the flow is particularly useful when the map in which the flow occurs is modeled as a node-edge graph. I create a simple pedestrian simulation in which pedestrian movement occurs in a node-edge graph and the pedestrians direct themselves towards an “escape” node as the...

OBJECTIVES Flow cytometric analysis of a paraffin-embedded block of tissue provides rapid and accurate means of analyzing the DNA content of a tumor. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical significance of flow cytometric findings in early gastric cancer(EGC). Thus we conducted this study to investigate whether DNA contents of tumor cells can correlate with known prognostic indices in...

IEEE 802.11 [1] is the most widely used protocol in the WANETs. The basic media access control mechanism of IEEE 802.11 is the Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) with Carrier Sensing Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA). The DCF includes a backoff algorithm called Binary Exponential Backoff (BEB). The BEB prefers the last successful node because the Contention Window (CW) size of ...

Network coding is expected to improve throughput performance of multihopwireless networks. However, the end-to-end throughput is significantly affected by the coding overhead. This paper considers the impact of the coding overhead on throughput performance for multihop wireless networks. Focusing on a three-node chain topology, we model an intermediate node as a single-server queueing system wi...

This paper focuses on flow control in high-speed networks. Each node in the networks handles its local traffic flow only on the basis of the information it knows, but it is preferable that the decision-making of each node leads to high performance of the whole network. To this end, we investigated the behavior of packet flow when a node is congested, and show an appropriate flow control model t...

Climate networks have proven to be a valuable method to investigate spatial connectivity patterns of the climate system. However, so far such networks have mostly been applied to scalar observables. In this study, we propose a new method for constructing networks from atmospheric wind fields on two-dimensional isobaric surfaces. By connecting nodes along a spatial environment based on the local...

D. Ray Fulkerson (1922–1976) made fundamental and lasting contributions to combinatorial mathematics, optimization, and operations research [2]. He is probably best known for his work on network flows and in particular for the famous max flow–min cut theorem, stating that the maximum amount of a flow from a node s to a node t in a directed graph equals the minimum capacity of a cut separating s...

When a lymph node is excised, lymphangiogenesis occurs to maintain flow in the affected area. However, a complex network of small vessels replaces the node and these newly formed vessels might increase resistance to lymph transport. To test this in sheep, the popliteal lymph node from one hind limb was removed surgically. The contralateral node was left intact. After 4 to 6 weeks (a period that...

Networks of hundreds or thousands of sensor nodes equipped with sensing, computing and communication ability are conceivable with recent technological advancement. Methods are presented in this report to recover and visualize data from wireless sensor networks, as well as to estimate node positions. A communication system is assumed wherein information from sensor nodes can be transferred to a ...